Nanovaccines against Viral Infectious Diseases

Heng, Wen Tzuen; Yew, Jia Sheng; Poh, Chit Laa

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14122554

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…Nanoparticles provide an improved vaccine platform for the delivery of antigens [16] and have been in clinical development against several infectious diseases [26,27,72]. Ferritin is a stable protein that has the ability to self-assemble into nanoparticles and this property has been exploited in the development of vaccine candidates against several pathogenic viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ferritin Nanoparticle-Based Zika Virus Vaccine Candidate Induces Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses and Protects Mice from Lethal Virus Challenge

et al. 2023

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The severe consequences of the Zika virus (ZIKV) infections resulting in congenital Zika syndrome in infants and the autoimmune Guillain–Barre syndrome in adults warrant the development of safe and efficacious vaccines and therapeutics. Currently, there are no approved treatment options for ZIKV infection. Herein, we describe the development of a bacterial ferritin-based nanoparticle vaccine candidate for ZIKV. The viral envelope (E) protein domain III (DIII) was fused in-frame at the amino-terminus of ferritin. The resulting nanoparticle displaying the DIII was examined for its ability to induce immune responses and protect vaccinated animals upon lethal virus challenge. Our results show that immunization of mice with a single dose of the nanoparticle vaccine candidate (zDIII-F) resulted in the robust induction of neutralizing antibody responses that protected the animals from the lethal ZIKV challenge. The antibodies neutralized infectivity of other ZIKV lineages indicating that the zDIII-F can confer heterologous protection. The vaccine candidate also induced a significantly higher frequency of interferon (IFN)-γ positive CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells suggesting that both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were induced by the vaccine candidate. Although our studies showed that a soluble DIII vaccine candidate could also induce humoral and cell-mediated immunity and protect from lethal ZIKV challenge, the immune responses and protection conferred by the nanoparticle vaccine candidate were superior. Further, passive transfer of neutralizing antibodies from the vaccinated animals to naïve animals protected against lethal ZIKV challenge. Since previous studies have shown that antibodies directed at the DIII region of the E protein do not to induce antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of ZIKV or other related flavivirus infections, our studies support the use of the zDIII-F nanoparticle vaccine candidate for safe and enhanced immunological responses against ZIKV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ferritin Nanoparticle-Based Zika Virus Vaccine Candidate Induces Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses and Protects Mice from Lethal Virus Challenge

et al. 2023

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“…Against infectious diseases, comprehensive reviews on nanovaccines have recently appeared [170][171][172][173][174][175][176], however, the importance of cationic NPs is seldom discussed.…”

Section: Cationic Nanostructures In Vaccine Design Against Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Cationic Nanovaccines

Carmona-Ribeiro,

Pérez-Betancourt

2024

Preprint

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Nanovaccines are able to deliver antigen(s) and immunomodulator(s) directly to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the lymphatic system. Positive charges improve their uptake by APCs and often drive a Th-1 biased immune response so necessary against infectious diseases caused by intracellular pathogens and cancers. However, cationic compounds often display a dose-dependent toxicity so that systematic evaluation of cytotoxicity against cells in culture is required. After the rapid evolution of nanovaccines against SARS-Covid 2, mRNA vaccines gained much strength and have been designed against several infectious diseases, often relying on cationic components for mRNA protection. Once established the limiting concentration for the cationic compound, cationic nanovaccines perform well eliciting the desired Th-1 improved immune response in most cases. Other valuable approach found in the literature has been the construction of biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) carrying cationic lipids, polymers or surfactants so that minimization of the concentration for the cationic component led to absence of toxicity. Against cancer, recent constructions of nanovaccines in situ after cancer cell disruption in the presence of adjuvants led to systemic presentation of multiple tumoral antigens yielding, in many instances, prevention of metastasis appearance and conversion of tumors non treatable by immunotherapy into treatable ones.

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“…In this case, it is possible to conjugate antibodies or peptides that exhibit affinity toward receptors present on immune cells to the surface of the PNP. 53,54 This targeting strategy employs a mechanism to specifically deliver immunomodulators to the desired immune cells, thereby augmenting the specificity of the immune response. 55,56 By selectively modulating immune cells within the localized environment of the tumor, PNPs can effectively counteract the immunosuppressive characteristics exhibited by the tumor (Fig.…”

Section: Surface Modification With Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%