Nanotoxicology ten years later: Lights and shadows

Shvedova, Anna A.; Pietroiusti, Antonio; Kagan, Valerian E.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.014

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This surge in NP usage is accompanied by a corresponding rise in human exposure to these novel materials. The field of nanotoxicology was founded to explore the safety of NPs following introduction within biological systems [ 3 ]. Years of investigations have revealed the mounting challenge facing this field, as observed bioresponses are dependent upon unique, NP-specific physicochemical properties, including size, surface moiety, core composition, and morphology [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro

Labrador-Rached

Browning

Braydich‐Stolle

et al. 2018

Journal of Toxicology

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Due to their distinctive physicochemical properties, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have emerged as a material of interest for a number of biomedical therapeutics. However, in some instances NP exposure has been correlated to health and safety concerns, including cytotoxicity, activation of cellular stress, and modification to normal cell functionality. As PtNPs have induced differential cellular responses in vitro, the goal of this study was to further characterize the behavior and toxicological potential of PtNPs within a HepG2 liver model. This study identified that a high PtNP dosage induced HepG2 cytotoxicity. However, lower, subtoxic PtNP concentrations were able to elicit multiple stress responses, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 dependent signal transduction. Taken together, this work suggests that PtNPs would not be overtly toxic for acute exposures, but sustained cellular interactions might produce long term health consequences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro

Labrador-Rached

Browning

Braydich‐Stolle

et al. 2018

Journal of Toxicology

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“…The introduction of these novel materials into the work environment and consumer products necessitates safety evaluations on them as well as a clearer understanding of their potential impact on human health. Because cellular molecular machines and ENMs have comparable dimensions, one of the popular definitions of nanotoxicology puts an emphasis on the possibility of direct interaction and interference of ENMs with vital cellular processes (Shvedova et al, 2016). The potential of ENMs to interact with cellular molecular machines is a matter of great concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Length effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes on pulmonary toxicity after intratracheal instillation in rats

Ema

Takehara²,

Naya

et al. 2017

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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-We aimed to evaluate the effects of the length of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on pulmonary toxicity in rats. Each rat received a single intratracheal instillation of short (S-) (average length of 0.40 μm) or long (L-) (average length of 2.77 μm) SWCNTs at a dose of 1 mg/kg and was observed for the next 6 months. Neither S-nor L-SWCNTs affected clinical signs, body weight, or autopsy findings. An increase in lung weight was observed after instillation of S-or L-SWCNTs; however, lung weights were slightly higher in the rats that were administered the S-SWCNTs. Distinct differences in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) composition were observed between the S-and L-SWCNTtreated rats as early as 7 days after the intratracheal instillations of the SWCNTs. The S-SWCNTs caused persistent lung injury and inflammation during the 6-month observational period. However, the L-SWCNTs induced minimal lung injury and inflammation. Although the S-and L-SWCNTs changed BALF parameters and histopathological features of the lung, the magnitudes of the changes observed after the S-SWCNT treatment were greater than the respective changes observed after the L-SWCNT treatment. These findings indicate that the severity of the pulmonary toxicity caused after intratracheal instillation of SWCNT depends on the length of the SWCNTs. It appears that shorter SWCNTs induce greater pulmonary toxicity than longer SWCNTs do.

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“…Then their biodistribution also follows relatively unknown patterns rather than those of other conventional pharmaceuticals, though such organ deposition in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and growing fetus would be of dramatic concern along with other organs like liver, kidney and spleen. Although nanopharmaceuticals cytotoxicity mechanisms are not well defined, but oxidative stress, proinflammatory effects and genotoxicity are theocratized via Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation, GSH/GSSG ratio alteration, upregulation of transcription factors and signaling kinases, DNA damage and mutation [ 1 , 17 ]. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity have been seen with nanodrugs containing metallic ions like aluminum oxide, gold, copper oxide, silver, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide and carbon based nanomaterials.…”

Section: Nanopharmaceuticals: Advantageous Applications and Toxicologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and obstacles to the development of nanopharmaceuticals for human use

Koopaei

Abdollahi

2016

DARU J Pharm Sci

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Pharmaceutical nanotechnology has generated breakthrough developments in improving health care and human life from its emergence. The biomaterials employed mainly aim at improving drug delivery systems, imaging and diagnostic technologies while the nanoscale materials are in widespread use in other industries such as electronics and optics. Such advancement may revolutionize the drug development and therapy with new and more efficient treatments. Although, nanotechnology assists humankind in improving its well being, it has certain limitations that entail thorough investigation by the regulatory and scientific authorities. To address concerns regarding the safety and toxicity profile of the nanopharmaceuticals, we have reviewed the challenges and solutions of nanopharmaceuticals use in human health and the related health risks. In this regard, regulatory and scientific bodies such as countries’ Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Medicine Agency (EMA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and World Health Organization (WHO) can participate in developing and reinforcing safety measures and regulatory frameworks to insure the public health. The regulatory authorities may enforce the nanopharmaceutical industries to conduct comprehensive toxicity tests and monitor the adverse drug reaction reports in close collaboration with the scientific community to act accordingly and inform the public as the implementation of the strategy.Graphical abstractNanopharmaceuticals have tremendous potential for human use as therapeutic or diagnostic agents. But their toxicity profile should be well addressed and the respective regulatory framework developed and reinforced by the authorities.

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Nanotoxicology ten years later: Lights and shadows

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro

Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro

Length effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes on pulmonary toxicity after intratracheal instillation in rats

Opportunities and obstacles to the development of nanopharmaceuticals for human use

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