NanoThermoMechanical AND and OR Logic Gates

Hamed, Ahmed; Ndao, Sidy

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59181-2

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This is in line with the best-case low output recently reported by Pal and Puri [22], who provided the first demonstration of a thermal AND gate by using a graphene nanoribbon thermal diode, with low output effectivities reported between 0.275 and 0.5. Recently, Hamed and Ndao experimentally demonstrated NanoThermoMechanical AND and OR gates [13]. They showed low output effectivities for the AND gate ranging from 0.18 to 0.11 using high input temperatures between 900 and 1500 K. We compare the low output for a Si (1−x) Ge x alloy in Figure S4 and for pure Si and pure Ge in Tables S2 and S3, respectively, in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While heat dissipation is typically considered an obstacle to faster electronics, these developments have positioned heat current to serve as a promising alternative candidate for realizing logic operations using relatively simple device configurations with an easily measurable variable, such as the temperature, especially in situations in which heat may be readily available as an energy source. The realization of thermal components that control heat flow at the nanoscale in a manner similar to that of electronics could enable thermal analogs of electronic circuits [12][13][14][15][16]. Thermally driven logic operations have an inherent advantage in that thermal computers can potentially utilize any waste heat from the surroundings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of this concept have already been demonstrated by taking advantage of waste heat from industrial fume hoods [17], volcanoes [18], and vehicle exhaust gas [19,20], to name a few. In many of the aforementioned scenarios, as well as other situations such as space exploration or geothermal energy exploration in the earth [13], in which elevated temperatures are encountered, thermally based logic circuits and computations possess a key advantage, as electronics face a severe degradation in device performance at high temperatures [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Rectification and Thermal Logic Gates in Graded Alloy Semiconductors

Castro‐Alvarez

Torres

et al. 2022

Energies

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Classical thermal rectification arises from the contact between two dissimilar bulk materials, each with a thermal conductivity (k) with a different temperature dependence. Here, we study thermal rectification in a Si(1−x)Gex alloy with a spatial dependence on the atomic composition. Rectification factors (R = kmax/kmin) of up to 3.41 were found. We also demonstrate the suitability of such an alloy for logic gates using a thermal AND gate as an example by controlling the thermal conductivity profile via the alloy composition. This system is readily extendable to other alloys, since it only depends on the effective thermal conductivity. These thermal devices are inherently advantageous alternatives to their electric counterparts, as they may be able to take advantage of otherwise undesired waste heat in the surroundings. Furthermore, the demonstration of logic operations is a step towards thermal computation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Rectification and Thermal Logic Gates in Graded Alloy Semiconductors

Castro‐Alvarez

Torres

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…These molecular logic gates are superior to their semiconductor comparable as they can provide different information available to molecular logic as opposed to voltage information only [14]. The input can be physical (temperature [15], pressure [16], pH [17], light [18]), biochemical (enzymes [19,20] nucleotides [21]), and chemical (atomic [12], molecular [22]). For molecular computing, it is essential to design the logic gates using nano regime electronic circuits.…”

Section: Logic Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Dots-Based Logic Gates

et al. 2021

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Carbon dots (CDs)-based logic gates are smart nanoprobes that can respond to various analytes such as metal cations, anions, amino acids, pesticides, antioxidants, etc. Most of these logic gates are based on fluorescence techniques because they are inexpensive, give an instant response, and highly sensitive. Computations based on molecular logic can lead to advancement in modern science. This review focuses on different logic functions based on the sensing abilities of CDs and their synthesis. We also discuss the sensing mechanism of these logic gates and bring different types of possible logic operations. This review envisions that CDs-based logic gates have a promising future in computing nanodevices. In addition, we cover the advancement in CDs-based logic gates with the focus of understanding the fundamentals of how CDs have the potential for performing various logic functions depending upon their different categories.

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confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Multistable Resonance Frequency Switching of Phase Change Microstring at Room Temperature

Bukhari

McGee

Mahdavi

et al. 2021

Adv Elect Materials

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decades because of their utility in bistable and multistable switches for potential applications in accelerometers, [1] microrelays, [2] logic gate, [3] actuators, [4] radio frequency switches, [5] nonvolatile memory devices, [6] neuromorphic systems, [7] etc. A resonating device is bistable, if its resonance frequency changes from an initial value to a final stable value (only one ON state) under an external trigger (e.g., photo, thermal, electric field, etc.) and returns to the original state (OFF state) upon removal of the triggering pulse. Unlike a bistable system, a tristable (or multistable) system can toggle between all the available stable states under external triggering. [8,9] A multistable resonating device can have multiple equilibrium frequency, phase, or amplitude states depending on the changes in its physical properties (stiffness, coefficient of thermal expansion, dielectric constant, etc.) induced by external stimuli. In silicon MEMS resonators, the changes in the resonance frequency usually show bistable states under heating since its mechanical modulus varies uniformly with temperature. However, by integrating a phase change material (PCM) with conventional silicon MEMS, it is possible to engineer a device with multiple stable states, with negative and positive changes Vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ), a promising phase change material, exhibits insulator to metal transition at 68 °C, manifests a drastic change in multiple physical properties, such as electrical resistance, mechanical modulus, lattice parameters, etc. From technological perspective, the transition temperature can be reduced by precise strain engineering. Here a noncontact, all-optical, and highly energy efficient platform is demonstrated to study macroscopic dynamics related to the localized structural rearrangements at room temperature. A thin layer (≈25 nm) of polycrystalline VO 2 deposited on a platinum coated silicon nitride microstring resonator shows a fast controlled mechanical resonance frequency response upon variations in optical power and wavelength. It is shown multiple stable frequencies of the resonator, designated as different equilibrium states, can be activated at different optical powers (≈200 µW) and wavelength, i.e., 450, 520, and 635 nm. The observed multiple resonance states of the microstring are explained because of the generation of stress due to the interplay between thermal expansion and the temperature-induced phase change of VO 2 . It is believed this change in frequency states under the controlled external optical excitation can have potential applications in ultrafast optical switching, intelligent temperature sensors, and neuromorphic devices operated at room temperature.

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NanoThermoMechanical AND and OR Logic Gates

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Thermal Rectification and Thermal Logic Gates in Graded Alloy Semiconductors

Thermal Rectification and Thermal Logic Gates in Graded Alloy Semiconductors

Carbon Dots-Based Logic Gates

Photoinduced Multistable Resonance Frequency Switching of Phase Change Microstring at Room Temperature

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