“…Apart from high-purity aluminum foil, the most frequently used starting materials for the anodizing of aluminum have included sputtered or evaporated aluminum on various substrates, including soda-lime glass covered with a tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) [213,363,[458][459][460][461][462][463][464][465][466][467][468], Si [298,[310][311][312]321,322,[468][469][470][471][472][473][474][475][476][477][478][479][480][481][482][483][484][485], Ti [486], InP [487] and GaAs [488]. The transfer of nanopore order from anodic porous alumina to semiconductor materials (e.g., Si) is of special interest from the point of view of integrating AAO with silicon circuit industrial processes, and the potential application of such structures as biosensors, bioreactors, and magnetic recording media.…”