Nanotechnology in Urology

Abstract

Nanomedicine is a new distinct scientific discipline that explores applications of nanoscale materials (1-1000 nm) for various biomedical applications. At nanoscale, the physical properties of materials are altered as well as their interactions with cells and tissue. This occurs primarily because of the significant difference in the surface area-volume ratio as materials are reduced to nanosized level 1 . Nanomedicine explores nanotechnology for monitoring, repair, and control of human biological systems at cellular and molecular levels using engineered nanodevices and nanostructures 2 . Nanomedicine thus can improve diagnosis and treatment, and it can also be used in tissue engineering to replace some functions of human organs. The potential scope of nanotechnology in urology is wide-ranging, from prevention to early detection, treatment, prognosis, and symptom management 3 . The most common nanoscale drug delivery and imaging vehicles (nanocarriers) include polymeric nanoparticle, dendrimers, nanoshells, liposomes, nucleic acid based nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticle, and virus nanoparticles 4 . This review summarizes some of the emerging applications of nanomedicine in urology.

Characterization of the deposition of collagen fibers and Lithogenic potential in bladder of rats submitted to a sugar cane biopolymer graft

“…The study of polymers is related to the study of nanotechnology and nanomaterials developed to be used in several chemical and cellular levels inducing cellular proliferation and modifications of the extracellular matrix allowing the recovery or formation of injured tissues. Researches involving nanoparticles for bladder substitution and the development of nanotechnology will allow the urologist a new understanding of the physiopathology and treatment of several diseases (24,25). BPCA, produced with abundant and renewable raw material, belongs to a category of biomaterials that are currently being studied and its use in bladder rats will allow the development of a new material that can be used in the urological and surgical practice (26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Nanotechnology: Nanomedicine

“…11 Cancer that has metastasized to the lymph nodes has on September 28 2020 http://hwmaint.clsjournal.ascls.org/ Downloaded from been detected using magnetic nanoparticles with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 1,12 In a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2003, eighty patients with prostate cancer were injected with superparamagnetic nanoparticles with an affinity for lymphocytes. An MRI was performed before and after the injection and the results were correlated with histopathological reports.…”

“…22 This methodology has the potential for examining minuscule specimens in a vastly shortened "run" time. Another group of researchers, Son and colleagues, have developed a nanoparticle-DNA based assay for detection of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) 1,23 . PKD is an autosomal-dominant disorder that is caused by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 23 .…”

Urovision 2020: The future of urology

“…Nanoparticles are materials of size 1-1000 nm with various biomedical applications. [ 41 ] At this scale, the interaction of materials with tissue changes due to the surface area–volume ratio. [ 41 ] Nanomedicine explores the potential applications of these materials in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and even the potential replacement of tissue function.…”

“…[ 41 ] Nanomedicine explores the potential applications of these materials in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and even the potential replacement of tissue function. [ 41 ]…”