Nanotechnology in Cement-Based Materials: A Review of Durability, Modeling, and Advanced Characterization

Du, Sen; Wu, Junliang; AlShareedah, Othman; Shi, Xianming

doi:10.3390/nano9091213

Cited by 103 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…With the advancement of nanotechnology, the mixing of nanomaterials into cement-based materials has been increasingly researched. A wide variety of nanomaterials have been investigated, including nano-silicon oxide [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], nano-titanium oxide [ 26 ], carbon nanotubes [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], sulfonated graphene [ 30 , 31 , 32 ], and graphene oxide (GO) [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. GO is a new type of nanomaterial with excellent mechanical properties and good dispersion properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Oxide on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Prepared from Recycled Sand

et al. 2020

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Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has been used as an advanced construction material in civil engineering because of its excellent mechanical properties and durability. However, with the depletion of the raw material (river sand) used for preparing UHPC, it is imperative to find a replacement material. Recycled sand is an alternative raw material for preparing UHPC, but it degrades the performance. In this study, we investigated the use of graphene oxide (GO) as an additive for enhancing the properties of UHPC prepared from recycled sand. The primary objective was to investigate the effects of GO on the mechanical properties and durability of the UHPC at different concentrations. Additionally, the impact of the GO additive on the microstructure of the UHPC prepared from recycled sand was analysed at different mixing concentrations. The addition of GO resulted in the following: (1) The porosity of the UHPC prepared from recycled sand was reduced by 4.45–11.35%; (2) the compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and elastic modulus of the UHPC prepared from recycled sand were enhanced by 8.24–16.83%, 11.26–26.62%, 15.63–29.54%, and 5.84–12.25%, respectively; (3) the resistance of the UHPC to penetration of chloride ions increased, and the freeze–thaw resistance improved; (4) the optimum mixing concentration of GO in the UHPC was determined to be 0.05 wt.%, according to a comprehensive analysis of its effects on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and durability of the UHPC. The findings of this study provide important guidance for the utilisation of recycled sand resources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Oxide on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Prepared from Recycled Sand

et al. 2020

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“…Usually, SP is added to cement paste for two reasons. Firstly, SP is added to improve the workability of the cement paste, since the w/c ratio was chosen to be small and the addition of nanomaterials will cause the workability of the cement paste to deteriorate [ 53 , 54 ]. Secondly, SP is used as a surfactant to disperse the nanomaterials in the cement matrix [ 53 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, SP is added to improve the workability of the cement paste, since the w/c ratio was chosen to be small and the addition of nanomaterials will cause the workability of the cement paste to deteriorate [ 53 , 54 ]. Secondly, SP is used as a surfactant to disperse the nanomaterials in the cement matrix [ 53 ]. Although these nanomaterials can be relatively stable dispersed in aqueous solutions after sonication, previous studies have shown that, in the alkaline environment of the cement matrix, the dispersion of CNTs and GO will be reduced, causing agglomeration [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Highly-Dispersed Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons–Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes–Graphene Oxide (GNFG) Complex and Its Application in Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Cementitious Composites

Liu

Her

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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In this study, a graphene oxide nanoribbons–functionalized carbon nanotubes–graphene oxide (GNFG) complex was hydrothermally synthesized as a nanomaterial for reinforcing cementitious composites, using a modified Hummers’ method. Three types of components existed in the GNFG: Type I, the functionalized carbon nanotubes–graphene oxide nanoribbons (FCNTs–GNR); and types II and III are graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs), respectively, which exist independently. The dispersivity of GNFG and its effects on the mechanical properties, hydration process, and microstructures of cement pastes were evaluated, and the results were compared with those using cement pastes incorporating other typical carbon nanomaterials. The results demonstrated that dispersion of GNFG in aqueous solutions was superior to that of the CNTs, FCNTs, and GO/FCNTs mixture. Furthermore, the highly-dispersed GNFG (0.05 wt.%) improved the mechanical properties of the cement paste after 28 days of hydration and promoted the hydration of cement compared to CNTs, GO, and GO/FCNTs mixture (0.05 wt.%). The results in this study validated the feasibility of using GNFG with enhanced dispersion as a new nano-reinforcing agent for various cementitious systems.

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“…Ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which acts as a glue in concrete, is the most widely used building material owing to its low cost and excellent performance 1 . It has been in use for more than 173 years, and currently, over 4 billion metric tons of OPC are used annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature effects on local structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of calcium silicate hydrates

Jee

Suh

et al. 2021

J Am Ceram Soc

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This study aims to elucidate the effect of heating on the local atomic arrangements, structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of synthesized calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H). The alteration in the atomic arrangement of the synthesized C–S–H (Ca/Si =0.8) and the formation of crystalline phases that occurred in three distinct transformation stages of dehydration (105°C–200°C), decomposition (300°C–600°C), and recrystallization (700°C–1000°C) were investigated via powder X‐ray diffraction, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Further, the deformation of the local atomic bonding environment and variations in mechanical properties during the three stages were assessed via pair distribution function analysis based on in‐situ total X‐ray scattering. The results revealed that the C–S–H paste before heating exhibited a lower elastic modulus in real space than that in the reciprocal space in the initial loading stage because water molecules acted as a lubricant in the interlayer. At the dehydration stage, the strain as a function of external loading exhibited irregular deformation owing to the formation of additional pores induced by the evaporation of free moisture. At the decomposition stage, the structural deformation of the main d‐spacing (d ≈ 3.0 Å) was similar to that of the real space before the propagation of microcracks. At the recrystallization stage, the elastic modulus increased to 48 GPa owing to the thermal phase transformation of C–S–H to crystalline β‐wollastonite. The results provide direct experimental evidence of the microstructural and nanostructural deformation behavior of C–S–H pastes after exposure to high temperature under external loading.

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Nanotechnology in Cement-Based Materials: A Review of Durability, Modeling, and Advanced Characterization

Cited by 103 publications

References 146 publications

Effect of Graphene Oxide on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Prepared from Recycled Sand

Effect of Graphene Oxide on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Prepared from Recycled Sand

Synthesis of Highly-Dispersed Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons–Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes–Graphene Oxide (GNFG) Complex and Its Application in Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Cementitious Composites

Temperature effects on local structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of calcium silicate hydrates

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