Nanotechnology for Novel Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review of Classification, Preparation, Characterization, and Applications of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery

Abstract

The goal of nanotechnology is to develop new nanoscale components by designing, fabricating, and using materials that are atomically, molecularly, and macromolecular organized. For several decades, there has been an abundance of scientific curiosity in the administration of medicines using particle delivery systems as carriers for small and big molecules. Particulate systems, such as nanoparticles, have been utilized as a physical method to modify and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics aspects of numerous pharmaceutical molecules. A typical nanoparticle is between 1 and 100 nm in size and has one or more dimensions. Nanoparticles are usually categorized as inorganic, organic, or carbon-based particles according to their superior characteristics in comparison to larger sizes of the corresponding materials. They have been utilized in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, limiting drug distribution to the targeted areas, and to transport the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to its site of action. The most innovative and promising medication delivery technique at the moment is nanoparticle technology. This methodical research examines the categorization, characteristics, techniques, characterizations, and applications of nanoparticles in the delivery of drug molecules.