Nanotechnology Against The Novel Coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2): Diagnosis, Treatment, Therapy and Future Perspectives

Abstract

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), as an emerging infectious disease, has caused significant mortality and morbidity along with socioeconomic impact. No effective treatment or vaccine has been approved yet for this pandemic disease. Cutting-edge tools, especially nanotechnology, should be strongly considered to tackle this virus. This review aims to propose several strategies to design and fabricate effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents against COVID-19 by the aid of nanotechnology. Polymeric, inorganic self-assembling materials and peptide-based nanoparticles are promising tools for battling COVID-19 as well as its rapid diagnosis. This review summarizes all of the exciting advances nanomaterials are making toward COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis and therapy.

Immunosuppressant Management in Renal Transplant Patients with COVID-19

“…The effect of immunosuppressant drugs on COVID-19 infection has been investigated which mainly incorporate corticosteroids, tocilizumab, and mycophenolic acid (MPA). In vitro studies have shown the growth inhibitory effects of MPA on SARS-CoV-2 [2]. Currently, the guidelines recommend the reduction and/or withdrawal of MPA in COVID-19 patients [2].…”

“…In vitro studies have shown the growth inhibitory effects of MPA on SARS-CoV-2 [2]. Currently, the guidelines recommend the reduction and/or withdrawal of MPA in COVID-19 patients [2]. However, the results of recent studies might alter this approach.…”

“…The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was introduced as a serious pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March 2020, although it had previously been detected in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China [1]. The virus has phylogenic similarities with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS) [2].…”

Immunopathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2: evolving knowledge and its current status

“…There are several nanotechnology-based strategies that may prove to be effective in anti-SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics and therapeutics. Although the polymeric, inorganic self-assembling materials, peptidebased nanoparticles have shown some promise against SARS-CoV-2 with respect to rapid diagnosis, the nanotechnology-based strategies for COVID-19 using polymeric-based nanostructured materials are thought to be a powerful tool that can be deployed against the SARS-CoV-2 owing to its safety profile, protective encapsulation of drugs, bio-compatibility and bio-degradability, and flexibility of modification to size, shape, and properties, which include drug administration (FDA) approved poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are FDA approved polymers [91,92]. Nanotechnology can also improve vaccine development, and the most promising outcome using nano-liposomes has been seen in the mRNA (S protein of SARS-CoV-2) vaccine which is encapsulated in nanoliposomes with specific physicochemical properties [93].…”

Impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en la investigación y docencia en las nanociencias y la nanotecnología en México

“…Breve panorámica del rol de la NyN en la lucha contra la COVID-19 La nanotecnología ha sido importante en la lucha contra la COVID-19 y se considera que jugará un papel cada vez más relevante tanto en la prevención y el diagnóstico, como en la mejora de sistemas de entrega de agentes antivirales y el desarrollo de estos últimos de manera que puedan ser específicamente diseñados contra el SARS-CoV-2, contexto en el que se han señalado como promisorios los materiales inorgánicos autoensamblados y las nanopartículas de base péptida (Rashidzadeh et al, 2021), así como la nanoformulación de drogas como el corticosteroide dexametasona (Lammers et al, 2020).…”