Nanosuspensions

Nanosuspension: An Emerging Trend for Bioavailability Enhancement of Etodolac

“…In such cases zeta potentials of about 20 mV are still sufficient to fully stabilize the system [46]. Generally, absolute zeta potential value higher than 60 mV is considered of extreme stability, 30 mV means good stability, 20 mV shows acceptable short term stability and less than 5 mV will induce fast particle aggregation [43]. However, this rough guideline is only viable to pure electrostatic stabilization or in combination with low-molecular weight surfactants [43].…”

“…Generally, absolute zeta potential value higher than 60 mV is considered of extreme stability, 30 mV means good stability, 20 mV shows acceptable short term stability and less than 5 mV will induce fast particle aggregation [43]. However, this rough guideline is only viable to pure electrostatic stabilization or in combination with low-molecular weight surfactants [43]. In this study Zeta potential was not determined since all stabilizer used act by steric stabilization.…”

“…Electrostatic stabilization is reduced in its efficiency in an electrolyte containing environment. To compensate for this it is ideal to use steric stabilizers, which are less impaired in their effect by electrolytes [43].…”

“…This significantly increases the Gibb's free energy of the system and, due to the high interfacial tension, these systems are thermodynamically unstable. Accordingly, nanoparticles will tend to minimize their total energy by undergoing agglomeration [43].…”

“…These stabilizers reduce the interfacial tension between the particles and the dispersion medium and act as wetting agents. The second requirement is to provide a barrier between the drug particles to prevent agglomeration by electrostatic attraction (ionic surfactants) or steric stabilization (nonionic surfactants and polymers) [43].…”