Nanostructured WO<sub>3</sub> photoanodes for efficient water splitting via anodisation in citric acid

Zhang, Jifang; Salles, Ivette; Pering, Samuel; Cameron, Petra J.; Mattia, Davide; Eslava, Salvador

doi:10.1039/c7ra05342h

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A higher surface area film could be beneficial, as long as this does not result in increased recombination sites, in order to create a greater contact between the PFO particles and the electrolyte. Therefore, one could argue films should be annealed at temperatures below 500 °C, as it is typically done for other semiconductors such as WO 3 , CuO and Cu 2 O . However, a lower calcination temperature of 500 °C has previously shown to be insufficient in producing detectable levels of crystalline PFO (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

et al. 2020

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Perovskite oxides are receiving wide interest for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical devices, owing to their suitable band gaps for solar light absorption and stability in aqueous applications. Herein, we assess the activity of PrFeO3 photocathodes prepared by using spray pyrolysis and calcination temperatures between 500 and 700 °C. Scanning electron microscopy shows corrugated films of high surface coverage on the conductive glass substrate. The electrochemically active surface area shows slight decreases with temperature increases from 500 to 600 and 700 °C. However, transient photocurrent responses and impedance spectroscopy data showed that films calcined at higher temperatures reduced the probabilities of recombination due to trap states, resulting in faster rates of charge extraction. In this trade‐off, a calcination temperature of 600 °C provided a maximum photocurrent of ‐130±4 μA cm−2 at +0.43 VRHE under simulated sunlight, with an incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency of 6.6 % at +0.61 VRHE and 350 nm and an onset potential of +1.4 VRHE for cathodic photocurrent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

et al. 2020

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“…However, ABPE value describes the photo-response efficiency of a T-LDH/PbI 2 NC electrode under an applied voltage 44 , 45 . ABPE can be calculated using the following equation: …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reusability and stability of a novel ternary (Co–Cd–Fe)-LDH/PbI2 photoelectrocatalytst for solar hydrogen production

Mohamed

Bhnsawy

Shaban

2021

Sci Rep

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The design of highly active and cost-effective photoelectrocatalysts for effective hydrogen generation becomes a mandatory issue due to the demands on sustainable solar fuels. Herein a novel ternary Co–Cd–Fe LDH/PbI2 nanocomposite (T-LDH/PbI2NC) was fabricated by combining strategies of doping and in-situ loading of ternary Co–Cd–Fe LDH. The morphological, structural, and optical properties of PbI2, T-LDH, and T-LDH/PbI2 NC were studied by different techniques. LDH narrows the bandgap of the nanocomposite to 2.53 eV which prolongs the lifetime of the photo-induced electrons. Subsequently, the use of T-LDH/PbI2 NC improves the photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) H2 production rate. T-LDH/PbI2 NC shows a catalytic H2 production rate of 107.53 mmol h−1 cm−2 with IPCE% of 83.8% for 307 nm and 67.3% for 508 nm. The ABPE% reaches its supreme of 4.24% for − 0.58 V and 5.41% for − 0.97 V, these values are the highest values yet for LDH-based photocatalysts. The influences of the operating temperature and monochromatic illumination on the PEC performance were studied. Also, the electrochemical surface area, thermodynamic parameters, and Tafe slopes are calculated to label the hydrogen evolution mechanism. Moreover, the stability and reusability of the T-LDH/PbI2 NC photoelectrode were investigated. This work not only illustrated a simplistic and accessible way to produce a new category of highly efficient photocatalysts compared to the previously reported LDH-based PEC catalysts but also demonstrates a new point of view for improving PEC performance towards industrial water splitting under sunlight irradiation.

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“…Hydrogen production through photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting using abundant solar energy has drawn intense research focus since the first discovery of TiO 2 photocatalysts in 1972 . Since then, a wide variety of metal oxide semiconductors, such as ZnO, BiVO 4 , Fe 2 O 3 , WO 3 , MoO 3, etc., have been engaged as a photoelectrode (photoanode) material in PEC cells, due to their natural abundance, chemical stability, low toxicity, and inexpensive synthesis route. − Among them, ZnO is employed as one of the most commonly used n-type semiconductor photoanodes because of its suitable band position, high electron mobility, and longer minority carrier diffusion length . However, being a wide bandgap semiconductor, ZnO is only suitable to absorb UV radiation (3–5% of the total solar spectrum).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Dimensional p-ZnCo₂O₄/n-ZnO Nanoheterojunction Photoanode Enabling Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Maity

Karmakar

Pal

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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This work demonstrates the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting activity of a one-dimensional n-ZnO/p-ZnCo2O4 nanoheterojunction photoanode synthesized by using the chemical bath deposition and electrodeposition methods. The nanoheterojunction photoanode exhibits an improved solar light-harvesting performance. The type-II analogous band alignment occurs because of p–n junction formation between p-ZnCo2O4 and n-ZnO nanorods (NRs), which accelerates the charge separation and transfer, significantly reducing the photogenerated electron–hole pair recombination. The ZnCo2O4 surface overlayer also passivates the surface states in ZnO, resulting in a remarkable reduction in photocarrier recombination. Additionally, the p-ZnCo2O4 shell layer acts as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst to influence the PEC reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface, boosting the charge transfer process and water oxidation reaction kinetics. Overall, an innovative nanoheterojunction photoanode is constructed to improve the PEC water oxidation of ZnO NRs by incorporating p-ZnCo2O4, which acts both as an OER catalyst and a p-type light-harvesting semiconductor.

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Nanostructured WO₃ photoanodes for efficient water splitting via anodisation in citric acid

Abstract: We report the production of nanostructured WO3 photoanodes for solar water splitting produced via anodisation using for the first time citric acid, a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to fluoride-based electrolytes.

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

Reusability and stability of a novel ternary (Co–Cd–Fe)-LDH/PbI2 photoelectrocatalytst for solar hydrogen production

One-Dimensional p-ZnCo₂O₄/n-ZnO Nanoheterojunction Photoanode Enabling Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

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Nanostructured WO3 photoanodes for efficient water splitting via anodisation in citric acid

Abstract: We report the production of nanostructured WO3 photoanodes for solar water splitting produced via anodisation using for the first time citric acid, a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to fluoride-based electrolytes.

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

PrFeO3 Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

PrFeO3 Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

Reusability and stability of a novel ternary (Co–Cd–Fe)-LDH/PbI2 photoelectrocatalytst for solar hydrogen production

One-Dimensional p-ZnCo2O4/n-ZnO Nanoheterojunction Photoanode Enabling Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

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Product

Resources

About

Nanostructured WO₃ photoanodes for efficient water splitting via anodisation in citric acid

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

PrFeO₃ Photocathodes Prepared Through Spray Pyrolysis

One-Dimensional p-ZnCo₂O₄/n-ZnO Nanoheterojunction Photoanode Enabling Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting