Nanostructured Ti/TiO ₂ –RuO ₂ –La ₂ O ₃ anodes prepared by sol–gel process and the effect of electrolyte composition on their stability

Abstract

Ti/TiO 2-RuO 2-La 2 O 3 anodes were prepared by sol-gel process. The main aim of this work was to study nanostructured TiO 2-RuO 2-La 2 O 3 coatings and the effect of electrolyte composition on their stability. For this purpose, coatings with different molar ratios applied on titanium substrate. Then, the morphology and electrochemical properties of the anodes in 0.5 M NaCl and 1 M H 2 SO 4 solutions were studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, potentiostatic polarisation, cyclic voltammetry, and accelerated corrosion test (ACT). The results showed that the morphology of all the coatings was cracked-mud microstructure and cracks with a width of 50-500 nm produced in the coatings. It was also observed that corrosion resistance, stability, and electrocatalytic properties of the anodes improve with increased La 2 O 3 content. Then, the optimum TiO 2-RuO 2-La 2 O 3 composition is obtained with a molar ratio of 70:15:15. Besides, the lifetime and stability of the anodes in NaCl solution were higher than H 2 SO 4 , so that the reduction of active elements in the coating with a molar ratio of 70:15:15 after ACT was obtained about 64.7 and 77.4% of before ACT in NaCl and H 2 SO 4 , respectively.

Improved Operation of Chloralkaline Reversible Cells with Mixed Metal Oxide Electrodes Made Using Microwaves

“…These electrodes offer the advantage of being more stable and durable than their single-component metal oxide equivalents [ 1 , 2 ]. The versatility of MMO electrodes, characterized by their adjustable physicochemical properties acquired through varying synthesis methods and morphologies, has contributed to their applications in various industries, including oxygen production, chlor-alkali generation [ 3 ], cathodic protection [ 4 ], and organic compound degradation [ 5 , 6 ].…”