Nanostructured Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solution catalysed by an atomically precise catalyst based on a Pd(ii) complex supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Electrochemical and structural considerations

“…37 The hydrolysis of (1) to give (2) was conducted by dissolving 2.5 g (4.2 mmol) of (1) in 11 cm 3 of concentrated (98%) H 2 SO 4 and heating the solution at 100 °C for 65 hours. The resulting solution was then cooled at room temperature and slowly poured into 200 cm 3 of cooled diethyl ether. The white solid thus formed was filtered, washed with diethyl ether and dried under reduced pressure at room temperature.…”

“…1,2 The ORR that occurs at the fuel cell cathode is a sluggish process, so it needs to be catalysed for profitable use and Ptbased electrocatalysts are the primary choice for this purpose due to their high catalytic performance. [3][4][5][6] Unfortunately, the scarcity and the high price of this precious metal make Pt-based electrocatalysts very expensive, too expensive to find a daily application in support of human activities that require an energy supply. Nonetheless, fuel cells are an important clean alternative to internal combustion engines that burn fossil fuels and generate greenhouse gases, in addition to a multitude of pollutants, 7 and accordingly the search for alternative catalysts is garnering strong consideration.…”

Improving Oxygen Reduction Reaction Performance of Pt by a N-Doping Strategy and Inducing Tensile Strain of Nanoparticles

“…Fuel cells and metal–air batteries are considered as efficient energy storage devices to meet the needs of green environmental protection and high-energy-density conversion. − As an important electrode reaction, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays a key role in improving the efficiency of these devices. Noble metals represented by Pt have excellent catalytic activity and selectivity, making them one of the most ideal cathodic catalysts for ORR. − In fact, carbon-supported Pt-based catalysts are the most widely applied electrocatalysts for the cathodic reduction in the fuel cells, however, large-scale commercial applications of Pt-based catalysts still have to overcome various challenges: − (1) limited resources lead to excessive cost; (2) carbon supports will be corroded if the cathode is exposed to high potential for a long time, resulting in a poor cycle life; and (3) Pt nanoparticles detached from the carbon carrier lead to a significant loss of the ORR activity due to the poor binding force between them. Therefore, it is urgent to develop Pt-based electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and stability.…”

Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity as Binders for both Acidic and Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis

“…Such materials can include zeolites, clays, metal-organic frameworks, porous carbons or metallic clusters. [7][8][9] In addition, the triple contact can be successfully realized employing gas diffusion electrodes (GDE), which constitute the core of the RFC. GDE shows a porous sandwich structure, composed by three layers: [10,11] (i) the gas diffusion layer (GDL), mainly based on carbon; (ii) the catalyst layer (CL), composed by the catalyst dispersed on carbon matrix; and (iii) the current collector (CC).…”

“…Hence, it is of paramount importance to design and develop materials that allow the formation of a triple contact area as wide as possible. Such materials can include zeolites, clays, metal‐organic frameworks, porous carbons or metallic clusters [7–9] . In addition, the triple contact can be successfully realized employing gas diffusion electrodes (GDE), which constitute the core of the RFC.…”