Nanostructured materials for photodynamic therapy: synthesis, characterization and in vitro activity

Alea-Reyes, María E.; Rodrigues, Mafalda; Serrà, Albert; Mora, Miguel A.; Sagristá, Maria Lluïsa; González, Asensio; Durán, Sara; Duch, Marta; Plaza, J.A.; Vallés, E.; Russell, David A.; Pérez‐García, Lluïsa

doi:10.1039/c7ra01569k

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…The selected linkers include multidentate passivant ligands, 23 cysteine, 24 thiourea, 25 glutathione, 26 lipoic acid, 27 and imidazole containing linkers. 28 The use of multidentate passivant ligands for the conjugation of a porphyrin to AuNPs was explored by Ohyama et al.…”

Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 The Pérez-García group has developed several nanoplatforms with non-conventional linkers for the conjugation of photosensitisers for PDT. 27,28 The group studied the photodynamic effect of three gold-based nanoplatforms, differing in size and shape, conjugated to porphyrin photosensitisers via a lipoic acid linker. 27 The nanoplatforms of choice were AuNPs, cobaltnickel nanorods covered with a gold shell (NRs) and hexahedral Janus microparticles (μP) with two surfaces, gold and polysilicon.…”

Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,28 The group studied the photodynamic effect of three gold-based nanoplatforms, differing in size and shape, conjugated to porphyrin photosensitisers via a lipoic acid linker. 27 The nanoplatforms of choice were AuNPs, cobaltnickel nanorods covered with a gold shell (NRs) and hexahedral Janus microparticles (μP) with two surfaces, gold and polysilicon. The geometric areas of each platform were, respectively, 3.1×10 -4 μm 2 , 1.3 μm 2 and 9 μm 2 .…”

Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosensitiser-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer

Calavia

Bruce

Pérez‐García

et al. 2018

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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115

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively studied within biomedicine due to their biocompatibility and low toxicity. In particular, AuNPs have been widely used to deliver photosensitiser agents for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Here we review the state-of-the-art for the functionalisation of the gold nanoparticle surface with both photosensitisers and targeting ligands for the active targeting of cancer cell surface receptors. From the initial use of the AuNPs as a simple carrier of the photosensitiser for PDT, the field has significantly advanced to include: the use of PEGylated modification to provide aqueous compatibility and stealth properties for in vivo use; gold metal-surface enhanced singlet oxygen generation; functionalisation of the AuNP surface with biological ligands to specifically target over-expressed receptors on the surface of cancer cells and; the creation of nanorods and nanostars to enable combined PDT and photothermal therapies. These versatile AuNPs have significantly enhanced the efficacy of traditional photosensitisers for both in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy. From this review it is apparent that AuNPs have an important future in the treatment of cancer.

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Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Use Of Thiolated Peg and Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Photosensitiser-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer

Calavia

Bruce

Pérez‐García

et al. 2018

Photochem Photobiol Sci

Self Cite

115

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“…The mechanism involves the excitation of the PS, by illumination with an appropriate light source. [26,37,38] As a result, the toxic porphyrin [6,8] remains inside the polymersomes without any cytotoxic effect in the absence of irradiation. These reactive oxygen species, such as singlet dioxygen ( 1 O 2 ), are cytotoxic and result in the oxidative stress of the target cells, in solution and when encapsulated in polymersomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] PDT can be used to target tumor cells and is typically utilized in a combination therapy regime, together with other modalities such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Efficient strategies to overcome these limitations and at the same time harness the beneficial properties of porphyrins are the (bio)-conjugation of the porphyrin to natural or synthetic polymers [8][9][10][11] or their incorporation in biocompatible nano carriers. The lifetime and mean diffusion lengths of different ROS are very variable and localization will ensure that illumination generates ROS close to, at the surface of, or inside malignant tumor cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Porphyrin Containing Polymersomes with Enhanced ROS Generation Efficiency: In Vitro Evaluation

Kyropoulou

DiLeone

Lanzilotto

et al. 2019

Macromolecular Bioscience

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with subsequent damage to the cell components and consequent cell death. [1] PDT can be used to target tumor cells and is typically utilized in a combination therapy regime, together with other modalities such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. To optimize cell damage in the tumor and prevent significant collateral damage to healthy cells, the PS should be specifically localized in the pathogenic region. The lifetime and mean diffusion lengths of different ROS are very variable and localization will ensure that illumination generates ROS close to, at the surface of, or inside malignant tumor cells.Of particular interest for development of efficient PDT systems are porphyrins because the photochemical and photophysical properties may be tuned through modification of the central metal ion (if present) or through peripheral substituents. [2][3][4][5] However, despite the great potential of porphyrins as photosensitizers, these compounds possess crucial limitations in terms of biomedical application [6,7] such as a high dark toxicity, rather low activity under physiological conditions and typically poor water solubility. Efficient strategies to overcome these limitations and at the same time harness the beneficial properties of porphyrins are the (bio)-conjugation of the porphyrin to natural or synthetic polymers [8][9][10][11] or their incorporation in biocompatible nano carriers. Nanocarriers suitable for PDT materials include organic and inorganic nanoparticles, [12][13][14][15][16][17] liposomes, [18][19][20][21] and block copolymer-based vesicles or micelles. [22][23][24] Synthetic vesicles with sizes in the nanometer range, so-called polymersomes, are particularly appealing as carriers because they can be prepared with desired properties, [25] such as biocompatibility, possess an inner cavity where water-soluble photosensitizers can be encapsulated, [26] membranes allowing the entrapment of a hydrophobic photosensitizer and exhibit improved mechanical stability and robustness compared to liposomes. [27] There are a few examples of porphyrin-incorporating polymersomes, mostly concerning the non-covalent loading of the hydrophobic membrane with water insoluble porphyrins. [11,[28][29][30][31][32][33] The aim of those studies was to use the photophysical properties of the porphyrins to improve in vivo imaging. We have previously reported the synthesis and characterization of a water soluble tetra-N-alkylpyridinioporphyrin tetrabromide (TPyCP) (Scheme 1) which efficiently generates singlet oxygen both free Porphyrins are molecules possessing unique photophysical properties making them suitable for application in photodynamic therapy. The incorporation of porphyrins into natural or synthetic nano-assemblies such as polymersomes is a strategy to improve and prolong their therapeutic capacities and to overcome their limitations as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Here, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-(6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)-4-pyridin-1-io)-21H,23H-porphyrin tetrabromide porphyrin is inserted into polymersomes in order ...

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Magnetic Actuation of Multifunctional Nanorobotic Platforms to Induce Cancer Cell Death

et al. 2018

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Single‐bath potentiostatic‐pulsed electrodeposition enables the synthesis of bicomponent (i.e., gold and nickel–nickel oxide) multi‐segmented magnetic nanowires that, with extraordinarily low cytotoxicity, are ideal three‐functional medical nanoplatforms because they can transport two types of functional molecules and be magnetically actuated for both controlled targeting and inducing cancer cell death. Alternated segments of Au and Ni–Ni oxide are selected to confer a magnetic character to the nanowires, prevent their dissolution in the cellular medium, and permit selective bio‐functionalization with thiol and porphyrin test molecules. The bi‐functionalized nanowires internalized in HeLa cancer cells, similar to other organelles, move inside the living cells. Applying the rotating magnetic fields cause them vibrate and increase their motion, although high viscosity and the presence of the cytoskeleton and other protein matrices preclude their rotation inside cells. Since no magneto‐mechanical destruction of the HeLa cells occurs on their membranes, organelles, or cytoskeletons programmed cancer cell death is likely induced by the vibration and translation of the nanowires, not by mechanical destruction.

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Nanostructured materials for photodynamic therapy: synthesis, characterization and in vitro activity

Cited by 19 publications

References 72 publications

Photosensitiser-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer

Photosensitiser-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer

Porphyrin Containing Polymersomes with Enhanced ROS Generation Efficiency: In Vitro Evaluation

Magnetic Actuation of Multifunctional Nanorobotic Platforms to Induce Cancer Cell Death

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