Nanostructured carbon–metal oxide composite electrodes for supercapacitors: a review

Zhi, Mingjia; Xiang, Chengcheng; Li, Jiangtian; Li, Ming; Wu, Nianqiang

doi:10.1039/c2nr32040a

Cited by 1,910 publications

(1,039 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…The surface functional groups, defects and grain boundaries can serve as excellent redox centers for the charge storage reactions. 36 However, typical redox couples of Nb2O5 could not be observed due to the limited range of voltage applied (-1 to 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl), to avoid water electrolysis during the measurements.…”

Section: Figure 4 Xps (Top) and Xrd (Bottom) Pattern Of Nb2o5 Deposimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of CVD Grown Niobium Oxide Thin Films

Fiz

Appel

Gutiérrez‐Pardo

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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ABSTRACT:We report here on controlled synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties of different polymorphs of niobium pentoxides grown by CVD of new single-source precursors. Nb2O5 films deposited at different temperatures showed systematic phase evolution from low-temperature tetragonal (TT-Nb2O5, T-Nb2O5) to high temperature monoclinic modifications (HNb2O5). Optimization of the precursor flux and substrate temperature enabled phase-selective growth of Nb2O5 nanorods and films on conductive mesoporous biomorphic carbon matrices (Bio-C). Nb2O5 thin films deposited on monolithic mesoporous biomorphic carbon (Bio-C) scaffolds produced composite materials integrating the high surface area and conductivity of carbonaceous matrix with the intrinsically high capacitance of nanostructured niobium oxide. Hetero-junctions in Nb2O5/BioC composites were found to be beneficial in electrochemical capacitance. Electrochemical characterization of Nb2O5/BioC composites showed that small amounts of Nb2O5 (as low as 5%) in conjunction with Bio-C resulted in a seven-fold increase in the electrode capacitance, from 15 to 104 F g -1 , making these materials ideally suited for electrochemical energy storage applications.

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Section: Figure 4 Xps (Top) and Xrd (Bottom) Pattern Of Nb2o5 Deposimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of CVD Grown Niobium Oxide Thin Films

Fiz

Appel

Gutiérrez‐Pardo

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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show abstract

“…30,39,[42][43][44][45][46] It is worth noting that such an approach is straightforward when using solution processing techniques. 6,47 Numerous researchers have shown that this strategy can result in increased capacitance by facilitating transport of charge from redox sites to the external circuit.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Percolation on the Capacitance of Supercapacitor Electrodes Prepared from Composites of Manganese Dioxide Nanoplatelets and Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2014

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Here we demonstrate significant improvements in the performance of supercapacitor electrodes based on 2D MnO2 nano-platelets by the addition of carbon nanotubes. Electrodes based on MnO2 nano-platelets do not display high areal capacitance because the electrical properties of such films are poor, limiting the transport of charge between redox sites and the external circuit.In addition, the mechanical strength is low, limiting the achievable electrode thickness, even in the presence of binders. By adding carbon nanotubes to the MnO2-based electrodes, we have increased the conductivity by up to eight orders of magnitude, in line with percolation theory.The nanotube network facilitates charge transport, resulting in large increases in capacitance, especially at high rates, around 1 V/s. The increase in MnO2 specific capacitance scaled with nanotube content in a manner fully consistent with percolation theory. Importantly, the mechanical robustness was significantly enhanced, allowing the fabrication of electrodes that were 10 times thicker than could be achieved in MnO2-only films. This resulted in composite films with areal capacitances up to 40 times higher than could be achieved with MnO2-only electrodes.

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“…MnO 2 is an attractive pseudocapacitive material with high theoretical specific capacitance [130]. However, its poor electrical conductivity (10 −5 -10 −6 S cm −1 ) severely restricts its practical application as high-performance electrode material for SCs.…”

Section: Mno2-x Nanorodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission electron microscopy analysis of some transition metal compounds for energy storage and conversion

Liang

Fu-xin

Fan

et al. 2017

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Nanostructured carbon–metal oxide composite electrodes for supercapacitors: a review

Cited by 1,910 publications

References 140 publications

Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of CVD Grown Niobium Oxide Thin Films

Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of CVD Grown Niobium Oxide Thin Films

Effect of Percolation on the Capacitance of Supercapacitor Electrodes Prepared from Composites of Manganese Dioxide Nanoplatelets and Carbon Nanotubes

Transmission electron microscopy analysis of some transition metal compounds for energy storage and conversion

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