Nanostructured Calcium Phosphates for Biomedical Applications

Vecbiškena, Linda; Nardo, Luigi De; Chiesa, Roberto

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.604.212

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Regardless of the batch size and processing temperature, ethanol treatment produced pure α-TCP after heating between 700 and 800 °C (figure 4). Heating at still higher temperatures may retain the alpha phase [5], but it has not been explored here since this will increase the grain size [40] and lower the solubility. The initial moisture in ACP was very significant for controlling the yield of α-TCP [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallized nano-sized alpha-tricalcium phosphate from amorphous calcium phosphate: microstructure, cementation and cell response

Vecbiškena¹,

Gross²,

Riekstiņa³

et al. 2015

Biomed. Mater.

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New insight on the conversion of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to nano-sized alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) provides a faster pathway to calcium phosphate bone cements. In this work, synthesized ACP powders were treated with either water or ethanol, dried, crystallized between 700 and 800 °C, and then cooled at different cooling rates. Particle size was measured in a scanning electron microscope, but crystallite size calculated by Rietveld analysis. Phase composition and bonding in the crystallized powder was assessed by x-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that 50 nm sized α-TCP formed after crystallization of lyophilized powders. Water treated ACP retained an unstable state that may allow ordering to nanoapatite, and further transition to β-TCP after crystallization and subsequent decomposition. Powders treated with ethanol, favoured the formation of pure α-TCP. Faster cooling limited the growth of β-TCP. Both the initial contact with water and the cooling rate after crystallization dictated β-TCP formation. Nano-sized α-TCP reacted faster with water to an apatite bone cement than conventionally prepared α-TCP. Water treated and freeze-dried powders showed faster apatite cement formation compared to ethanol treated powders. Good biocompatibility was found in pure α-TCP nanoparticles made from ethanol treatment and with a larger crystallite size. This is the first report of pure α-TCP nanoparticles with a reactivity that has not required additional milling to cause cementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallized nano-sized alpha-tricalcium phosphate from amorphous calcium phosphate: microstructure, cementation and cell response

Vecbiškena¹,

Gross²,

Riekstiņa³

et al. 2015

Biomed. Mater.

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Effect of Magnesium on the Mechanical and Bioactive Properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate

Kanchana¹,

Sekar²

2012

JMMCE

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Incorporation of trace elements into calcium phosphate structure is of great interest for the development of artificial bone implants. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) have been synthesized in the presence of magnesium (5 M%-20 M%) by gel method under physiological conditions. Crystallization of Mg-BCP in the gel medium mimics the Mg intake in the human body. Powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses confirmed that the Mg doping leads to the enrichment of β-TCP phase and suppresses the HA content in BCP. Nanoindentation studies indicate a significant decrease in hardness and elastic modulus values of BCP due to Mg doping. In vitro bioactivity study has confirmed the formation of apatite layer on the Mg doped samples making it suitable for bone replacement. The results suggest that the optimum Mg doping promotes the bioactivity which is perquisite for biomedical applications.

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Synthesis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite via Controlled Hydrothermal Route

Ruffini¹,

Sprio²,

Preti³

et al. 2019

Biomaterial-Supported Tissue Reconstruction or Regeneration

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Hydroxyapatite represents the natural inorganic component of the bone and may be considered an essential element required for the development of bone substitutes in the field of regenerative medicine. Hydroxyapatite bone substitutes own biomimetic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties thanks to their chemical-physical properties and nanostructure that play a critical role for the reconstruction of calcified tissues. Controlling the structure of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals is vital for obtaining a sustained product, and it should be an advantage on the final materials suitable for bone replacement, in terms of adsorptive activity, drug delivery system, etc. Compared to other synthesis techniques, hydrothermal processing (refers to a synthesis in aqueous solution at elevated pressure and temperature, in a closed system) has the ability to precipitate the hydroxyapatite from overheated solution, regulating the rate and uniformity of nucleation, growth, and maturation, which affect size, morphology, and aggregation of the crystals. This chapter wants to provide an overview of realization of nanosized hydroxyapatite-based bioceramics (e.g., powder and 3D structures) with desired morphology of crystallites, by hydrothermal processing. In this way, some critical hydrothermal parameters fundamental on the control of the crystal shape and dimension (pH, temperature, starting precursors, etc.) are discussed.

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Nanostructured Calcium Phosphates for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Crystallized nano-sized alpha-tricalcium phosphate from amorphous calcium phosphate: microstructure, cementation and cell response

Crystallized nano-sized alpha-tricalcium phosphate from amorphous calcium phosphate: microstructure, cementation and cell response

Effect of Magnesium on the Mechanical and Bioactive Properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate

Synthesis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite via Controlled Hydrothermal Route

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