Nanostructure analysis of particulate matter emitted from a diesel engine equipped with a NTP reactor

Gao, Jianbing; Ma, Chaochen; Xing, Shikai; Sun, Liwei; Huang, Liyong

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.12.004

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…With the proceeding of surface oxidation, graphitization aggravated and oxidation activity decreased for surface, then, the oxidation transferred into inner cores. Further, the cores were gradually oxidized that caused the void inner cores [4]. For partially oxidized PM (50% mass loss), large areas of void cores were observed in reference [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diesel PM captured on DPF should be oxidized periodically to keep excellent performance. The oxidation behaviors of diesel PM are closely related to engine operation conditions, fuel properties, cylinder combustion and sampling conditions [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The factors mentioned above lead to the differences of diesel PM physicochemical properties that are considered to be fundamental factors causing the distinctions of oxidation activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…al [24] put forward a PM oxidation model that volatile substance evaporated at the beginning, then the amorphous carbon oxidation, graphitization and combustion. During the oxidation process, physicochemical properties change greatly with nanostructures of diesel PM presenting onion like structures, void core-shell like structures and densely arranged bands [4]. Also, oxygen content decreases greatly due to the volatilization of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and amorphous carbon oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical property changes during oxidation process for diesel PM sampled at different tailpipe positions

Gao

Tian

et al. 2018

Fuel

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicochemical property changes during oxidation process for diesel PM sampled at different tailpipe positions

Gao

Tian

et al. 2018

Fuel

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“…Concluded from the images of low resolution TEM and diameter distributions of primary particles, the morphology and particle diameter distributions contributed to limited oxidation activity restoration, and it seems that the burn out temperature were more dependent on PM formation conditions rather than sampling and pre-treatment conditions. The crystallite arrangement showed closely related to PM oxidation activity that more densely arranged crystallite and longer crystallite fringe decreased oxidation activity 39 . Fig.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysis Of Diesel Pmmentioning

confidence: 95%

Oxidation Activity Restoration of Diesel Particulate Matter by Aging in Air

Gao

Tian

et al. 2018

Energy Fuels

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Diesel particulate matter (PM) was collected at different tailpipe positions where the sampling temperature was different. The PM samples were pre-treated in air at high temperature until 40% mass loss. Then, the partially oxidized PM samples were aged in air for 40 days, and the physicochemical properties of partially oxidized PM before and after aging in air were tested. The results showed that the oxidation activity of partially oxidized PM was appreciably restored by aging in air. The morphology, diameter distribution of primary particles and nanostructures of partially oxidized PM changed slightly after aging in air. The amorphous carbon adsorbing on PM surface were faintly observed through high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images. The adsorption of oxygen-containing functional groups (carbonyl and hydroxy) and organic compounds were evidenced through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman parameter A D3 /A G. The crystallite size calculated using Raman parameter decreased slightly after aging in air.

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“…Studies performed in diesel engines shown that the particle oxidation characteristics can be influenced by the particle morphology (i.e. primary particle size, fractal dimension), particle nanostructure (size of the graphene layers and curvature) as well as particle composition [10][11][12]. However, in GDI engines this knowledge is still not well established and the different local in-cylinder conditions might result in different particle characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasoline direct injection engine soot oxidation: Fundamentals and determination of kinetic parameters

Bogarra

Herreros

Tsolakis

et al. 2018

Combustion and Flame

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Current emissions legislation for road transport vehicles, including modern gasoline vehicle fleet limits the mass and the number of Particulate Matter (PM) emitted per kilometre. The introduction of a gasoline particulate filter (GPF) is expected to be necessary, as was the case for diesel vehicles, the traditionally recognised source of PM in transportation. Therefore, for the design of efficient GPFs and the regeneration strategies, soot oxidation characteristics in gasoline must be understood. Extensive research has been carried out mainly to investigate the oxidation of diesel soot, however, in the most cases soot were collected on microfiber filters and the activation energy was calculated with the logarithm method assuming mass and oxygen reaction orders equal to one. Identified limitations that lead to inconsistent and inaccurate trends and results are presented in this paper. As a consequence, a novel methodology to accurately obtain the oxidation kinetic parameters for soot emitted from a Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine has been developed and presented in this paper. The particles collected in a silicon carbide wall-flow particulate filter are directly exposed to oxidation conditions in a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) without the use of microfiber filter. The significance of more accurate and consistent calculations of soot oxidation kinetic parameters as a result of this methodology will aid modelling and experimental work of the aftertreatment systems and will lead in improving the GPF regeneration process in modern GDI vehicles. Avoiding high peak temperatures during regeneration and large thermal stress gradients and thus increasing the operating life of the filters is amongst the benefits can be seen.

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Nanostructure analysis of particulate matter emitted from a diesel engine equipped with a NTP reactor

Cited by 47 publications

References 43 publications

Physicochemical property changes during oxidation process for diesel PM sampled at different tailpipe positions

Physicochemical property changes during oxidation process for diesel PM sampled at different tailpipe positions

Oxidation Activity Restoration of Diesel Particulate Matter by Aging in Air

Gasoline direct injection engine soot oxidation: Fundamentals and determination of kinetic parameters

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