Nanosized niobium (V) and tantalum (V) oxide ceramics as competitive oxidizers within aluminium-based nanothermites

Gibot, Pierre; Oudot, Franck; Lallemand, Bastien; Schnell, Fabien; Spitzer, Denis

doi:10.1016/j.enmf.2021.07.001

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…With regard to the friction sensitivity, the Al/ITO formulations were moderately sensitive to insensitive (≥324 N). This is common for energetic formulations, such as Al/In 2 O 3 , Al/SnO 2 , and Al/Nb 2 O 5 , but better than Al/WO 3 , Al/MnO 2 , Al/Bi 2 O 3 , and Al/CuO composites whose thresholds are <5 N (for the first three listed) and 9 N, respectively [13,16,[34][35][36][37]. With respect to the spark sensitivity, Al/ITO materials showed a similar trend compared to the Al/In 2 O 3 system, with a high sensitivity at the nanoscale (like many binary energetic compositions reported in the literature) and a mitigation of the ESD sensitivity when oxidizing microparticles are involved.…”

Section: Combustion Speed Of the Al/ito Energetic Compositesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Conductive Oxides for Formulating Mitigated-Sensitivity Energetic Composite Materials

et al. 2022

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Composite energetic nanomaterials, otherwise known as nanothermites, consist of physical mixtures of fuel and oxidizer nanoparticles. When a combustion reaction takes place between both components, extremely impressive conditions are created, such as high temperatures (>1000 °C), intense heat releases (>kJ/cm3), and sometimes gas generation. These conditions can be adjusted by modifying the chemical nature of both reactants. However, these energetic composites are extremely sensitive to electrostatic discharge. This may lead to accidental ignitions during handling and transportation operations. This study examines the use of a n-type semiconductor ITO material as an alternative oxidizer combined with aluminum fuel. Indium tin oxide (ITO) ceramic is widely used in the elaboration of conducting coatings for antistatic applications because of its ability to conduct electrical charges (n-type semiconductor). The energetic performance of the Al/ITO thermite was determined, i.e., the sensitivity threshold regarding mechanical (impact and friction) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) stresses, as well as the reactive behavior (heat of reaction, combustion front velocity). The results demonstrate insensitivity toward mechanical stresses regardless of the ITO granulometry. As regards the spark sensitivity, using ITO microparticles considerably raises the sensitivity threshold value (<0.21 mJ vs. 13.70 mJ). A combustion velocity of nearly 650 m/sec was also determined.

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Section: Combustion Speed Of the Al/ito Energetic Compositesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Conductive Oxides for Formulating Mitigated-Sensitivity Energetic Composite Materials

et al. 2022

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“…Nano-Al particles mixed with nano-Fe 2 O 3 in nano-thermite compositions resulted in highly reactive composites with enhanced performance due to the higher surface area-tovolume ratio of nano-sized reactants [58,[111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119]. Stabilization of colloidal nanoparticles in solvents offered intimate mixing between the oxidizer and the fuel, leading to improved dispersion and stability of the nano-thermite mixtures [58,112,113,117] and eliminating nanoparticle drying and re-dispersion issues [112].…”

Section: Synthesis Methods and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot Bridge-Wire Ignition of Nanocomposite Aluminum Thermite Synthesized Using Sol-Gel-Derived Aerogel with Tailored Properties for Enhanced Reactivity and Reduced Sensitivity

Ghedjatti,

Yuan,

Wang

2024

Energies

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The development of nano-energetic materials has significantly advanced, leading to enhanced properties and novel applications in areas such as aerospace, defense, energy storage, and automobile. This research aims to engineer multi-dimensional nano-energetic material systems with precise control over energy release rates, spatial distribution, and temporal and pressure history. In this context, sol–gel processing has been explored for the manufacture of nanocomposite aluminum thermites using aerogels. The goal is to produce nano-thermites (Al/Fe2O3) with fast energy release rates that are insensitive to unintended initiation while demonstrating the potential of sol–gel-derived aerogels in terms of versatility, tailored properties, and compatibility. The findings provide insightful conclusions on the influence of factors such as secondary oxidizers (KClO3) and dispersants (n-hexane and acetone) on the reaction kinetics and the sensitivity, playing crucial roles in determining reactivity and combustion performance. In tandem, ignition systems contribute significantly in terms of a high degree of reliability and speed. However, the advantages of using nano-thermites combined with hot bridge-wire systems in terms of ignition and combustion efficiency for potential, practical applications are not well-documented in the literature. Thus, this research also highlights the practicality along with safety and simplicity of use, making nano-Al/Fe2O3-KClO3 in combination with hot bridge-wire ignition a suitable choice for experimental purposes and beyond.

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“…Forming a mixed oxide phase, a solid solution of Nb 2 O 5 and Ta 2 O 5 (NbTaO 5 , (Ta 1−x Nb x ) 2 O 5 (Ta 1−x Nb x ) 2 O 5 , x = 0.02–0.07) is advantageous in terms of having a lower leakage current and enhanced dielectric permittivity in the device [ 12 , 13 ]. Fine (micron-sized) Nb 2 O 5 and Ta 2 O 5 powders formed reactive thermites and composites with nanosized aluminum, where the oxide mixture acted as the gasless oxidizer and the metal (aluminum) was a fuel [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Sintering Behavior of Nb2O5 and Ta2O5 Mixed Oxide Powders

et al. 2022

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A mixed oxide system consisting of Nb2O5 and Ta2O5, was subjected to annealing in air/hydrogen up to 950 °C for 1–4 h to study its sintering behavior. The thermogravimetric–differential scanning calorimetry (TGA–DSC) thermograms indicated the formation of multiple endothermic peaks at temperatures higher than 925 °C. Subsequently, a 30% Ta2O5 and 70% Nb2O5 (mol%) pellet resulted in good sintering behavior at both 900 and 950 °C. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images corroborated these observations with necking and particle coarsening. The sintered pellets contained a 20.4 and 20.8% mixed oxide (Nb4Ta2O15) phase, along with Ta2O5 and Nb2O5, at both 900 and 950 °C, indicating the possibility of the formation of a solid solution phase. In situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) scans also confirmed the formation of the ternary oxide phase at 6 and 19.8% at 890 and 950 °C, respectively. The Hume–Rothery rules could explain the good sintering behavior of the Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 mixed oxides. An oxide composition of 30% Ta2O5 and 70% Nb2O5 (mol%) and a sintering temperature of 950 °C appeared adequate for fabricating well-sintered oxide precursors for subsequent electrochemical polarization studies in fused salts.

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Nanosized niobium (V) and tantalum (V) oxide ceramics as competitive oxidizers within aluminium-based nanothermites

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Conductive Oxides for Formulating Mitigated-Sensitivity Energetic Composite Materials

Conductive Oxides for Formulating Mitigated-Sensitivity Energetic Composite Materials

Hot Bridge-Wire Ignition of Nanocomposite Aluminum Thermite Synthesized Using Sol-Gel-Derived Aerogel with Tailored Properties for Enhanced Reactivity and Reduced Sensitivity

On the Sintering Behavior of Nb2O5 and Ta2O5 Mixed Oxide Powders

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