“…In addition to cellular, subcellular, and molecular effects, the toxicity of AgNPs has been demonstrated at multiple levels on different toxic endpoints, such as diverse physiological processes (e.g., metabolic pathways, ion regulation, and respiratory system) ( Bilberg et al, 2012 ; Massarsky et al, 2014 ; Valerio-García et al, 2017 ; Ale et al, 2018b ; Khan et al, 2018 ), organ histopathology ( Govindasamy and Rahuman, 2012 ; Lee et al, 2012 ; Rajkumar et al, 2016 ; Ale et al, 2018a ; Khan et al, 2018 ), neurotoxicity and behavioural alterations ( Powers et al, 2011 ), and embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects ( Yoo et al, 2016 ; Pereira et al, 2019 ).…”