Nanoshell tubes of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate

Abstract

Wafer-scale fabrication of ferroelectric oxide nanoshell tubes as well as ordered nanotube arrays have been accomplished using a simple and convenient fabrication method that allows full tailoring of tube dimensions as well as array pattern and size. Using different silicon and alumina templates, barium titanate and lead zirconate titanate tubes with diameters ranging from 50 nm up to several micrometers meter and lengths of more 100 m have been fabricated. Ferroelectric switching of submicrometer tubes has been shown using piezoresponse scanning probe microscopy.

One-Dimensional Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Nanotubes

“…For instance, ferroelectric and piezoelectric oxide nanotubes such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT, PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 ) and barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) have been produced in this manner. 91 …”

General approach for the description of size effects in ferroelectric nanosystems

“…The substantial progress in synthesis of various ferroelectrics nanosystems, like epitaxial films [4], nanoparticles with controllable sizes [5], arrays of tubes and rods [6][7][8][9], the local characterization of their polar properties [10][11][12] and domain structure [13], triggered the renovation of interest to ferroic nanosystems theoretical description. It is worth to note the enormous achievements of both the phenomenological [14] and microscopic [15] theories, their recent advances in different fields like the description of nanorods [16,17], size effects in thin films [18,19], ferroelectric nanoparticles [20][21][22]; flexoelectric effect influence on the intrinsic properties [23,24] and response [25][26][27] of the nanosystems; the developed analytical model accounting for depolarization field as well as the formation of misfit dislocations [28][29][30].…”

Synthesis of ordered arrays of multiferroic NiFe2O4-Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 core-shell nanowires

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] Several synthesis methods have been developed for multiferroic composite materials in the bulk form, such as eutectic unidirectional solidification, 14 ceramic sintering, 15 glue bonded laminates, [16][17][18][19][20] tape casting, 21 and hot molding; 22 and in the film form, such as pulsed laser deposition, 11,23,24 physical vapor deposition, 25 and sol-gel process. [5][6][7] However, the preparation of one dimensional composite multiferroic nanostructures with both magnetic and ferroelectric phases, for example, magnetic core and ferroelectric shell nanowires, remains an open challenge. This work demonstrates a synthesis method for core-shell nanowire arrays with a NiFe 2 O 4 core and Pb͑Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 ͒O 3 ͑PZT͒ shell using a modified sol-gel process and electrochemical deposition technique.…”

“…3,4 Sol-gel processing has also recently evolved as a powerful approach for synthesizing one dimensional nanostructures of ceramic materials based on AAO templates. [5][6][7] For example, BaTiO 3 and PbTiO 3 ceramic nanotubes were synthesized by wetting ordered nanoporous AAO templates with a sol-gel precursor solution. 7 Multiferroic materials have drawn an increasing amount of interest due to their capability of efficient energy transfer between electric energy and magnetic energy and their potential applications in many multifunctional devices.…”