Nanosecond X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy on Magnetic Skyrmions

Seaberg, Matthew; Holladay, B.; Lee, J. C. T.; Sikorski, Marcin; Reid, Alexander H.; Montoya, Sergio; Dakovski, Georgi L.; Koralek, Jake; Coslovich, Giacomo; Moeller, Stefan; Schlotter, W. F.; Streubel, Robert; Kevan, S. D.; Fischer, Peter; Fullerton, Eric E.; Turner, J.; Decker, F.‐J.; Sinha, Sunil K.; Roy, Sujoy

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.119.067403

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Lastly, magnetic scattering allows for imaging magnetization dynamics using x-ray holography 69 72 These results illustrate that x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy can now study excitations in the µeV energy range, possibly making it complementary to inelastic x-ray and neutron scattering.…”

Section: Ultrafast Magnetism In Metallic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Probing dynamics in quantum materials with femtosecond X-rays

et al. 2018

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Optical pulses are routinely used to drive dynamical changes in the properties of solids. In quantum materials, many new phenomena have been discovered, including ultrafast transitions between electronic phases, switching of ferroic orders and nonequilibrium emergent behaviors such as photo-induced superconductivity.Understanding the underlying non-equilibrium physics requires detailed measurements of multiple microscopic degrees of freedom at ultrafast time resolution. Femtosecond x-rays are key to this endeavor, as they can access the dynamics of structural, electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom. Here, we cover a series of representative experimental studies in which ultrashort x-ray pulses from free electron lasers have been used, opening up new horizons for materials research.

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Section: Ultrafast Magnetism In Metallic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Probing dynamics in quantum materials with femtosecond X-rays

et al. 2018

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“…Split-and-delay efforts are also underway at SACLA (Japan) 40 and the European XFEL (Germany) 41 , extending in particular the energy tunability of the optical system. Furthermore, the delivery of double X-ray pulses by the FEL itself has recently been demonstrated 42 – 44 and applied in the soft X-ray regime 45 . However, these approaches provide only a limited range of time delays of order femtoseconds or discrete steps of hundreds of picoseconds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards ultrafast dynamics with split-pulse X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at free electron laser sources

et al. 2018

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One of the important challenges in condensed matter science is to understand ultrafast, atomic-scale fluctuations that dictate dynamic processes in equilibrium and non-equilibrium materials. Here, we report an important step towards reaching that goal by using a state-of-the-art perfect crystal based split-and-delay system, capable of splitting individual X-ray pulses and introducing femtosecond to nanosecond time delays. We show the results of an ultrafast hard X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiment at LCLS where split X-ray pulses were used to measure the dynamics of gold nanoparticles suspended in hexane. We show how reliable speckle contrast values can be extracted even from very low intensity free electron laser (FEL) speckle patterns by applying maximum likelihood fitting, thus demonstrating the potential of a split-and-delay approach for dynamics measurements at FEL sources. This will enable the characterization of equilibrium and, importantly also reversible non-equilibrium processes in atomically disordered materials.

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“…At present, two modes of XPCS studies have been discussed and demonstrated at XFELs: (1) the sequential mode, where one XPCS speckle pattern is collected per X-ray pulse [19,20], similar to synchrotron-based XPCS experiments; (2) the split-pulse mode [16,[21][22][23][24][25], where one ultrafast X-ray pulse is split into two, and subsequently recombined with a relative delay from a few picoseconds up to nanoseconds. In the latter mode, each image collected from the X-ray detector is the sum of speckle intensities from two pulses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Intensity Fluctuations on Sequential X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy at the X-ray Free Electron Laser Facilities

et al. 2020

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How materials evolve at thermal equilibrium and under external excitations at small length and time scales is crucial to the understanding and control of material properties. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) at X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) facilities can in principle capture dynamics of materials that are substantially faster than a millisecond. However, the analysis and interpretation of XPCS data is hindered by the strongly fluctuating X-ray intensity from XFELs. Here we examine the impact of pulse-to-pulse intensity fluctuations on sequential XPCS analysis. We show that the conventional XPCS analysis can still faithfully capture the characteristic time scales, but with substantial decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio of the g2 function and increase in the uncertainties of the extracted time constants. We also demonstrate protocols for improving the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the uncertainties.

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Nanosecond X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy on Magnetic Skyrmions

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Probing dynamics in quantum materials with femtosecond X-rays

Probing dynamics in quantum materials with femtosecond X-rays

Towards ultrafast dynamics with split-pulse X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at free electron laser sources

The Effect of Intensity Fluctuations on Sequential X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy at the X-ray Free Electron Laser Facilities

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