Nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of brass in a dry and liquid-confined environment

Bashir, Shazia; Vaheed, Hamza; Mahmood, Khaliq

doi:10.1007/s00339-012-7175-0

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…During laser ablation of Cd in air and propanol ambient, the photo-chemical and photo-physical processes become dominant and metal-ambient reactions take place. Laser-induced structuring of metals through laser irradiation in liquids/solution is extensively reported and studied, while formation of hydroxides and oxides involves complex processes [ 78 , 79 ]. Laser ablation in liquid ambient generates hot plasma in vicinity of laser spot on target surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond Laser Induced Surface Structuring of Cadmium after Ablation in Air and Propanol Ambient

Umm-i-Kalsoom

Ali

Bashir

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In the present study KrF Excimer laser has been employed to irradiate the Cadmium (Cd) targets for various number of laser pulses of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000, at constant fluence of 3.6 J cm−2. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was utilized to reveal the formation of laser induced nano/micro structures on the irradiated target (Cd) surfaces. SEM results show the generation of cavities, cracks, micro/nano wires/rods, wrinkles along with re-deposited particles during irradiation in air, whereas subsurface boiling, pores, cavities and Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) on the inner walls of cavities are revealed at the central ablated area after irradiation in propanol. The ablated volume and depth of ablated region on irradiated Cd targets are evaluated for various number of pulses and is higher in air as compared to propanol ambient. Fast Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses show the presence of oxides and hydro-oxides of Cd after irradiation in propanol, whereas the existence of oxides is observed after irradiation in air ambient. Nano-hardness tester was used to investigate mechanical modifications of ablated Cd. It reveals an increase in hardness after irradiation which is more pronounced in propanol as compared to air.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond Laser Induced Surface Structuring of Cadmium after Ablation in Air and Propanol Ambient

Umm-i-Kalsoom

Ali

Bashir

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Rapid temperature rise during laser-induced plasma expansion/formation generates bubbles in the liquid. The bubble motion is responsible for the removal of ablated particles and hence no redeposition on the target surface is observed [30]. The liquid has played considerable role in ablation of Zr and it effectively cools the target preventing the excessive heat accumulation after laser irradiation.…”

Section: Effect On Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barminaa et al reported the improvement in thermionic properties of tungsten surface after ablation in liquid environment [12]. Ablation of materials in the presence of surrounding liquid includes heat transfer through convection/conduction and motion of bubbles, which is responsible for the removal of particles redeposited over the surface and reduces the oxidation of debris [13]; as a result, the enhanced coupling of energy to the target is directed to hygienic and clean target surface [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Modifications of KrF Excimer Laser-Ablated Zirconium Correlated to the Surface and Mechanical Properties

Ali¹,

Umm-i-Kalsoom²,

Bashir³

et al. 2017

Laser Ablation - From Fundamentals to Applications

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The structural modifications of KrF excimer laser-ablated zirconium (Zr) have been investigated in correlation with its surface and mechanical properties after ablation in deionized water and ethanol. KrF excimer laser of pulse duration of 20 ns, wavelength of 248 nm, and repetition rate of 20 Hz has been utilized for this purpose. Irradiation of Zr was carried out for varying number of laser pulses ranging from 500 to 2000 for laser fluence value of 3.6 J/cm 2 . The structural and chemical analyses were performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Vickers hardness tester were utilized for the analysis of surface morphology and hardness of laser-irradiated Zr targets. Presence of surrounding liquids played substantial role in structural, chemical, and mechanical modifications of Zr targets after irradiation. Pressure gradients and convective bubble motion owing to the confinement effects of the surrounding liquids, several thermal and chemical phenomena produced by heating through laser at the solid-liquid interface results in the generation of various hydrides and oxides of Zr, which are responsible for the development of various surface features and increase in hardness of irradiated Zr.

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“…yield stress, tensile strength and hardness of brass can be improved by laser irradiation. The substantial quantity of work is reported on laser irradiation of metals in different environments [5]- [7]. Bashir et al [5] have investigated the effect of laser pulses and ambient environment (dry or wet) and on the laser ablation performance of brass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The substantial quantity of work is reported on laser irradiation of metals in different environments [5]- [7]. Bashir et al [5] have investigated the effect of laser pulses and ambient environment (dry or wet) and on the laser ablation performance of brass. Their results proposed that ambient environment plays a significant role in surface and structural modification of brass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Analysis Correlated with Structural and Mechanical Properties of Laser Irradiated Brass

Ahmad¹,

Bashir²,

Yousaf³

et al. 2015

MSA

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Brass targets were irradiated with various laser pulses of Excimer laser ranging from 1200 to 3000 for constant fluence of 3.4 J/cm 2 in oxygen atmosphere (100 Torr). The surface morphology and crystallographic analyses were performed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). SEM analysis reveals the formation of laser-induced micro-sized cavities, bumps, cones and wave-like ridges with non-uniform shape and density distribution. These features are formed for all number of pulses; however with increasing number of pulses from 1200 to 2400, the density of cavities decreases whereas, the wave-like ridges become more pronounced and bump-formation is vanished. For maximum number of 3000 shots, the appearance of cones and wave-like ridges becomes diffusive, whereas the density and size of cavities increase again. XRD analysis demonstrates that no new phases are formed in irradiated brass. However, the change in peak intensity along with lower and higher angle shifting is observed which is attributed to generation of laser induced stresses. The Yield Stress (YS), Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) as well as Microhardness increase monotonically with increasing number of laser pulses.

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Nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of brass in a dry and liquid-confined environment

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Nanosecond Laser Induced Surface Structuring of Cadmium after Ablation in Air and Propanol Ambient

Nanosecond Laser Induced Surface Structuring of Cadmium after Ablation in Air and Propanol Ambient

Structural Modifications of KrF Excimer Laser-Ablated Zirconium Correlated to the Surface and Mechanical Properties

Surface Analysis Correlated with Structural and Mechanical Properties of Laser Irradiated Brass

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