Nanoscale Visualization of Elastic Inhomogeneities at TiN Coatings Using Ultrasonic Force Microscopy

Hidalgo, J; Montero‐Ocampo, C.; Cuberes, M. Teresa

doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9426-3

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The scope of the present work is limited to demonstrate the feasibility of the procedure, rather than to provide a detail understanding of the observed contrast. As it will be discussed elsewhere [20] TiN coatings may exhibit important differences in elastic contrast due to strain, structural defects, or coexistence of different phases. Contrast in IC-HFM images in Figure 3 may originate because of elasticity inhomogeneities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intermittent‐Contact Heterodyne Force Microscopy

Cuberes

2009

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Heterodyne Force Microscopy opens up a way to monitor nanoscale events with high temporal sensitivity from the quasistatic cantilever mechanical-diode response taking advantage of the beat effect. Here, a novel heterodyne ultrasonic force method is proposed, in which the cantilever is driven in amplitude-modulation mode, at its fundamental flexural eigenmode. Ultrasonic vibration in the megahertz range is additionally input at the tip-sample contact from the cantilever base and from the back of the sample. The ultrasonic frequencies are chosen in such a way that their difference is coincident with the second cantilever eigenmode. In the presence of ultrasound, cantilever vibration at the difference frequency is detected. Similarly as in heterodyne force microscopy, it is expected that the phase response yields information with increased sensitivity due to the beat effect.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intermittent‐Contact Heterodyne Force Microscopy

Cuberes

2009

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…To implement UFM, a standard commercial AFM (NANOTEC) was appropriately modified [2,4]. Data acquisition and analysis were carried out using the WSxM software [24].…”

Section: -Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasonic Force Microscopy (UFM) is a powerful technique to investigate the elastic and adhesive response of materials on the nanoscale [1,2]. The procedure is capable to provide material contrast in both soft and hard samples, bringing additional advantages when compared with other Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) approaches [3][4][5][6]. Here, UFM is applied to the characterization of composite samples formed by SrTiO3 (STO) nanoparticles (NP) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA).…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the addition of STO, the PVA samples, transparent in pure form (in the absence of nanoparticles), acquired an opaque white color. Shapes of ≈ 1x1 cm2 were cut from the films, mounted on an appropriate sample holder, and used for the AFM/UFM measurements.To implement UFM, a standard commercial AFM (NANOTEC) was appropriately modified [2,4]. Data acquisition and analysis were carried out using the WSxM software [24].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic force microscopy on poly(vinyl alcohol)/SrTiO3 nano-perovskites hybrid films

et al. 2014

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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Ultrasonic Force Microscopy (UFM) have been applied to the characterization of composite samples formed by SrTiO3 (STO) nanoparticles (NPs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The morphological features of the STO NPs were much better resolved in UFM than in contact-mode AFM topography. For high STO concentrations the individual STO NPs formed nanoclusters, which gathered in microaggregates. The STO aggregates, covered by PVA, exhibited no AFM frictional contrast, but were clearly distinguished from the PVA matrix using UFM. Similar aggregation was observed for NPs in the composite samples than for NPs deposited on top of a flat silicon substrate from a milliQ water solution in the absence of polymer. In the hybrid films, most STO nanoparticles typically presented a lower UFM contrast than the PVA matrix, even though stiffer sample regions such as STO should give rise to a higher UFM contrast. STO NPs with intermediate contrast were characterized by an UFM halo of lower contrast at the PVA/STO interface. The results may be explained by considering that ultrasound is effectively damped on the nanometer scale at PVA/ STO interfaces. According to our data, the nanoscale ultrasonic response at the PVA/STO interface plays a fundamental role in the UFM image contrast.KEYWORDS. Atomic Force Microscopy. Ultrasonic Force Microscopy. Poly(vinyl alcohol). Stroncium Titanate. Nanoparticles. Nanocomposites. 1-IntroductionUltrasonic Force Microscopy (UFM) is a powerful technique to investigate the elastic and adhesive response of materials on the nanoscale [1,2]. The procedure is capable to provide material contrast in both soft and hard samples, bringing additional advantages when compared with other Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) approaches [3][4][5][6]. Here, UFM is applied to the characterization of composite samples formed by SrTiO3 (STO) nanoparticles (NP) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). We intend to further explore the capability of the technique to provide subsurface information, to characterize the nanostructures formed by STO NP in the PVA hybrid films, and to gain inside into the mechanisms of ultrasound propagation on the nanoscale and the origin of the UFM contrast.The insertion of ceramics nanoparticles into polymer matrix has led to the generation of novel hybrid materials with improved electrical and thermo-mechanical properties. In titanate-polymer composites, the titanates contribute with a high capacitance, and the polymers are typically easy to process. Hence, the composite films appear very attractive for the fabrication of integrated circuits [7,8]. Composites of STO with polymeric materials have been considered for microwave applications [9,10]. The dielectric properties of PVA mixed with PbTiO3 show promise for their application as supercapacitors and humidity sensors [11]. STO nanoparticles are being tested for the development of thin film transistors [8], batteries [12], photodiodes [13], and solar cells [14]. Also, they may exhibit photocatalytic activity [15][16...

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Scanning Probe Microscopy in Materials Science

2019

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Table 25.1 Operational modes in noncontact AFMnoncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM)!operational mode Amplitude of tip oscillations Frequency shift of tip oscillations Tip-surface separation AM-AFM Monitored (varied) Constant Constant FM-AFM(1) Constant Monitored (varied) Constant FM-AFM(2) Constant Constant Monitored (varied) Amplitude of tip oscillations Frequency shift of tip oscillations Tip-surface separation AM-AFM Monitored (varied) Constant Constant FM-AFM(1) Constant Monitored (varied) Constant FM-AFM(2) Constant Constant Monitored (varied)

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Nanoscale Visualization of Elastic Inhomogeneities at TiN Coatings Using Ultrasonic Force Microscopy

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Intermittent‐Contact Heterodyne Force Microscopy

Intermittent‐Contact Heterodyne Force Microscopy

Ultrasonic force microscopy on poly(vinyl alcohol)/SrTiO3 nano-perovskites hybrid films

Scanning Probe Microscopy in Materials Science

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