Nanoscale iron hydroxide-doped granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) as a sorbent for perchlorate in water

Xu, Jianhong; Gao, Naiyun; Deng, Yang; Xia, Siqing

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.141

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These precipitates have low efficiency to activate H 2 O 2 to produce hydroxyl radicals . Besides, acid media facilitated electrostatic adsorption of X‐GN to ZVI by increasing positive charge on its surface . However, excessive H + inhibited the decoloration of X‐GN in this AC‐Fe 0 /H 2 O 2 system when the pH was below 2.0.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Zhu

et al. 2016

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Pure zero‐valent iron (ZVI) has poor catalytic capacity due to its agglomeration and slow corrosion rate in neutral solution and hence requires acid condition for heterogeneous Fenton reaction. In this study, we develop an activated carbon (AC)‐supported ZVI catalyst (AC‐Fe0) that was prepared with a one‐step reductive roasting method by employing AC as a reductant and supporting matrix. The constructed AC‐Fe0 was then used for Fenton degradation of an azo dye reactive brilliant orange (X‐GN). Analyses from multiple characterization techniques (e.g., scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and Brunnaer‐Emmett‐Teller) show that ZVI particles with a diameter of about 5 μm were dispersed on the surface and pores of the AC. We show that the AC‐Fe0 could be used as a highly effective catalyst for Fenton degradation of X‐GN. A nearly unity efficiency of X‐GN decoloration was achieved within 80 min reaction time under neutral solution condition that was attributed to the well‐dispersion of ZVI particles on the AC and the formation of numerous galvanic cells between the ZVI and the AC. The decoloration of X‐GN was found to follow the pseudo‐first order kinetics and the apparent rate constant was measured to be 6.5 × 10−2 min−1 at 30°C. We conclude that this newly‐developed AC‐Fe0 technique greatly reduces the generation of massive iron‐containing sludge as the remaining ferric ion in the solution was minimized (<1 mg L−1) after the reaction. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 949–956, 2016

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Zhu

et al. 2016

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…GAC-NSIO(17%) exhibited the highest adsorption property. This interesting finding might due to the reason that the excessive NSIO particles on the surface and in the pores of GAC led to aggregation of the nanoscale chemicals, causing the decrease of amount of active adsorption sites and reduction of adsorption capacity [19]. Moreover, BET surface area …”

Section: Adsorption Isotherm and Optimization Of Iron-loaded Content mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The former exhibited excellent adsorption capacity. This was because the loaded nanoscale iron oxides had well favorable affinity to Cd(II), and the change of pore size distribution had also advantageous effect for diffusion rates [19,25].…”

Section: Rapid Small-scale Column Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicated that electrostatic attraction is not the only adsorption mechanism, other adsorption forces could exist. The potential adsorption mechanisms might include the following: (1) Donnan membrane effect: Non-diffusion sulfonate groups bound to GAC are non-specific for Cd(II) adsorption, due to the presence of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 as the precursor of nanoscale iron oxide and the addition of some sulfonate SO 2À 4 groups into the surface and pores of adsorbent [19,20]. The sulfonate groups would enhance permeation and pre-enrichment of Cd(II) cations (such as Cd 2+ , Cd(OH) + ) within the solid surface prior to sorption onto nanoscale iron oxide particles.…”

Section: Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of iron oxide nanomaterials as adsorption materials and photocatalysts have been received much attention as to their special properties, such as extremely small size, huge specific surface area, high surface energy, surface modifiability, excellent magnetic performance, and good compatibility [15][16][17][18]. However, they are very fine and easy to form agglomeration thus are difficult to implement in solid-liquid separate process, so their engineering applicability is often limited [19]. It was also difficult to employ them in a fixed bed or flow through regime due to their low mechanical strength and excessive pressure buildup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoscale iron oxides loaded granular activated carbon (GAC-NSIO) for cadmium removal

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A new hybrid material was prepared by loading the nanoscale iron oxide particles within the pores of granular activated carbon (GAC-NSIO) and used as adsorbent to remove Cd(II) in aqueous phase. The new material is characterized by the pH pzc , TEM, XRD, BET, and XPS analytical techniques to deduce the potential adsorptive mechanism, and further it along with GAC were assessed in the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution for various physico-chemical factors iron-loaded content, pH, humic acid, isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics, under the batch reactor studies and rapid small-scale column tests also appended dealing with the breakthrough volume. Characterization of adsorbent indicated that the amorphous nanoscale iron oxides were successfully immobilized on GAC. Adsorption mechanism mainly included surface complexation, Donnan membrane effect, and electrostatic attraction. The optimum iron-loaded content of GAC-NSIO was 17%. The adsorption process was more favorable at high pH, and iron oxide was almost no leaching (<0.25%) in the pH range of 3-6. Adsorption isotherm fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich models. And adsorption kinetics fitted well with pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models. Results indicated that loaded nanoscale iron oxides significantly increased adsorption capacity of Cd(II) though the adsorption rate declined slightly and the adsorption process was endothermic. The maximum adsorptive capacity of GAC-NSIO (7.84 mg/g) increased by 700%, compared to that of GAC (0.98 mg/g). The presence of humic acid could greatly impact Cd(II) adsorption which promoted adsorption at low concentrations (1-10 mg/L) and inhibited adsorption at high concentrations (10-300 mg/L). Rapid small-scale column tests were conducted to obtain Cd(II) breakthrough profile. The results corresponded well with those from batch tests. Results demonstrate that the GAC-NSIO is a promising adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) in contaminated water environment.

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Adsorption of perchlorate from water using quaternary ammonium‐functionalized chitosan beads

Sowmya

Das

Sivaraman

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Perchlorate, one of the persistent inorganic pollutants, was efficiently removed from water using quaternary ammonium‐functionalized cross‐linked chitosan beads (QACB). This synthesized bead was found to be efficient in terms of perchlorate removal capacity, 100% regeneration of used beads (using HCl or NaCl) and selectivity in the presence of coanions, namely, chloride, sulfate, carbonate, and nitrate. QACB removes perchlorate by exchange of chloride ions. QACB was able to remove >95% perchlorate from brackish water. Batch studies were carried out in order to optimize the condition for maximum perchlorate removal. The perchlorate removal capacity of QACB from 1,000 mg/L of aqueous solutions was 153.0 mg/g. The outcome of pH variation studies indicated that QACB is able to remove perchlorate in the pH ranges of 2–11. Equilibrium isotherm data of adsorption of perchlorate at temperature 303, 313, and 323 K were well fitted to the linear Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The adsorption kinetics data were best described by the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. FTIR was used to confirm the interaction of perchlorate with QACB. A small‐scale column test was carried out to evaluate the capacity of QACB for removing perchlorate from brackish water.

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Nanoscale iron hydroxide-doped granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) as a sorbent for perchlorate in water

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Nanoscale iron oxides loaded granular activated carbon (GAC-NSIO) for cadmium removal

Adsorption of perchlorate from water using quaternary ammonium‐functionalized chitosan beads

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Nanoscale iron hydroxide-doped granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) as a sorbent for perchlorate in water

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe0) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe0) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Nanoscale iron oxides loaded granular activated carbon (GAC-NSIO) for cadmium removal

Adsorption of perchlorate from water using quaternary ammonium‐functionalized chitosan beads

Contact Info

Product

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Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production

Development of an activated carbon‐supported zero‐valent iron catalyst (AC‐Fe⁰) for enhancing degradation of reactive brilliant orange and reducing iron sludge production