Nanoscale Imaging of Organic Matter and Wettability of Oil-Window Shales

Fogden, Andrew; Olson, Terri; Christy, Andrew G.

doi:10.1306/13592015m1121402

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…3, 4). Similar globular/granular OM aggregates have also been reported in other source rocks 52,53 . 2The fractures-filled solid bitumen are commonly observed in many tight and shale formations, which is formed by incremental viscous flow of oil/bitumen through the fractures.…”

Section: Diagenetic Solid Bitumen (Degraded Bituminite)supporting

confidence: 88%

Genesis of solid bitumen

Sanei

2020

Sci Rep

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This paper presents a new schematic model for generation and timing of multiple phases of solid bitumen throughout the continuum of organic matter maturation in source and tight reservoir rocks. Five distinct stages in the evolution of solid bitumen are proposed: (1) diagenetic solid bitumen (or degraded bituminite), which is not a secondary maceral resulting from the thermal cracking of kerogen. Instead it is derived from degradation of bituminite in the diagenesis stage (Ro < 0.5%); (2) initial-oil solid bitumen, is a consolidated form of early catagenetically generated bitumen at the incipient oil window (Ro ~ 0.5–0.7%); (3) primary-oil solid bitumen is derived from thermally generated bitumen and crude oil in the primary oil window (Ro ~ 0.7–1.0%); (4) late-oil solid bitumen (solid-wax) is derived from the waxy bitumen separated from the mature paraffinic heavy oil in the primary- and late-oil windows; and (5) pyrobitumen, which is mainly a non-generative solid bitumen, is evolved from thermal cracking of the remaining hydrocarbon residue and other types of solid bitumen in the dry gas window and higher temperature (Ro > 1.4%). This model shows concurrence of multi-populations solid bitumen with oil, bitumen, and other phases of fluid hydrocarbon residue during most of the maturity continuum.

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Section: Diagenetic Solid Bitumen (Degraded Bituminite)supporting

confidence: 88%