Nanoscale characterization of gold nanoparticles created by <i>in situ</i> reduction at a polymeric surface

Dutta, Aniruddha; Clukay, Christopher J.; Grabill, Christopher N.; Freppon, Daniel J.; Bhattacharya, Aniket; Kuebler, Stephen M.; Heinrich, Helge

doi:10.1111/jmi.12039

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the copper deposition process (Figure ), a polymeric surface is first aminated then treated with aqueous HAuCl 3 to bind Au(III) to the pendant amines. The Au(III)‐treated surface is then exposed to NaBH 4 , which reduces the gold cations, forming gold nanoparticles in situ . The resulting gold‐nanoparticle‐decorated polymer is then exposed to an aqueous solution of Cu(II) and formaldehyde.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immediately following amination, the sample was rinsed with water and immersed in a 0.53 × 10 −3 m aqueous solution of HAuCl 4 for 2 h. The sample was then removed from the gold bath, rinsed with water, and immersed in 0.1 m aqueous NaBH 4 for 2 min to generate gold nanoparticles by in situ reduction on the polymer matrix . The samples were then removed from the reduction bath, rinsed in water, and immersed in a copper plating bath for 7 min .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric surfaces can be functionalized to alter physical properties or enable subsequent attachment of other chemical functionalities that change the physical and chemical response of a surface . Many types of amines – such as ethylene diamine (EDA), trialkoxyaminosilane, and branched polyethylenediamine – have been attached to a variety of surface types, using a wide range of chemistries that include nucleophilic substitution, Michael addition, and “click”‐chemistry . Surfaces are frequently aminated to bind other functionalities including transition metals, nanoparticles, fluorescent dyes, proteins, antibodies, and oligonucleotides .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Distortion Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Microstructures

Kuebler

Narayanan

Karas

et al. 2014

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Polymeric microstructures can be immersed in an organic solution containing a reactive linker to functionalize the surface for attachment of nanoparticles, fluorescent dyes, proteins, DNA, and other species. However, organic media can swell and distort polymeric microstructures. Swelling and distortion can be irreversible when the linkers are themselves low‐molecular‐weight organics like ethylenediamine, which can bind to unreacted monomer groups or other functionalities within the polymer matrix. This work introduces an alternative approach for surface functionalization based on aqueous processing using higher‐molecular‐weight amines, which causes less distortion, but is comparably effective. The processes are compared by aminating crosslinked SU‐8 thin films and 3D “woodpile” microstructures, electrolessly depositing copper onto these primed surfaces, and measuring the amount of copper deposited and the degree of distortion caused by amination. The method provides a new route to low‐distortion SU‐8 microstructures and identifies a path for improving related processing with other polymeric materials and structure types.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Distortion Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Microstructures

Kuebler

Narayanan

Karas

et al. 2014

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…We used High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) to study grain boundaries and twinning defects in gold black nanoparticles, as has been done for gold nanoparticles fabricated differently. 14,15 Porous gold-black is a nanoparticle aggregate with large numbers of such boundaries and defects. Individual nano-crystallites are as small as $2 nm, and for these we observe that room temperature thermal energy suffices to grow the grains by annealing of defects and boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging of nano-morphology, resistivity, and far-infrared absorption in gold-black

Panjwani

Dutta

Nath

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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Gold black is a highly porous, extremely fragile, infrared-absorbing film used primarily as a coating for bolometers. Long term stability of its absorbance is a significant practical concern. This paper reports on the aging of morphological, electrical, and optical properties of gold black samples prepared with different initial porosities. An observed twofold decrease in electrical resistance after 90 days at room-temperature is correlated with an increase in nano-crystalline grain size. Much larger resistance drops were observed after isothermal annealing at temperatures up to 100 C. Aging and annealing tended to improve the far-infrared absorption. Samples with the highest initial porosity have the fastest structural relaxation. V

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“…where γ is the relativistic correction [3][4][5]. Samples from Focused Ion Beam (FIB) processing can be relatively thick (> 100 nm).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interfacial Atomic Number Contrast in Thick Samples

Dutta

Heinrich

2014

Microsc Microanal

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The atomic number contrast imaging technique reveals an increase in intensity at interfaces of a high and low-density material in case of relatively thick samples. Elastic scattering factors and absorption coefficients are incorporated in a probabilistic model to study atomic contrast occurring at the interface of two materials when the High-Angle Annular Dark-Field (HAADF) detector is used in the Scanning TEM (STEM) mode. Simulations of thick samples reveal that electrons traverse from a higher density material to a lower density material near the interface which increases the HAADF-STEM signal. This effect is more dominant in TEM samples of thickness greater than 100 nm and the increase in signal occurs up to 20 nm from the interface. The behavior of electrons near the interface is explained by comparing the simulation results with experimental TEM micrographs in the HAADF-STEM mode.

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Nanoscale characterization of gold nanoparticles created by in situ reduction at a polymeric surface

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Low‐Distortion Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Microstructures

Low‐Distortion Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Microstructures

Aging of nano-morphology, resistivity, and far-infrared absorption in gold-black

Interfacial Atomic Number Contrast in Thick Samples

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