Nanoscale and functional heterogeneity of the hippocampal extracellular space

Grassi, Diego; Idziak, Agata; Lee, Antony; Calaresu, Ivo; Sibarita, Jean‐Baptiste; Cognet, Laurent; Nägerl, U. Valentin; Groc, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112478

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our simulation parameters are: α = 0.5 (relatively deep in the subdiffusion domain), M = 0.1, k B T = 1 and K 0 = 1. According to equation (12) this gives 4/π for the diffusivity along each independent coordinate projection, and D * = 8/π for the total simulated 2D system. We chose ν 0 = 10 3 and found C ≈ 1.2874.…”

Section: A Methods Of Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parenchyma contains also a fine macromolecular network composed of fibrous proteins and polysaccharides [9][10][11]. Such a composition of the carrier medium is well-known as affecting the spread of particles [12] and leads to viscoelastic properties similar to those of polymer solutions [13]. The interaction of walking nanoparticles with such medium can effectively activate viscoelastic retarding, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subdiffusion in an array of solid obstacles

Postnikov,

Sokolov

2024

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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More than a decade ago, I. Goychuk reported on a universal behavior of subdiﬀusive motion (as described by the generalized Langevin equation) in a onedimensional bounded periodic potential [Goychuk I, 2009 Physical Review E 80 046125] where the numerical ﬁndings show that the long-time behavior of the mean squared displacement is not inﬂuenced by the potential, so that the behavior in the potential, under homogenization, is the same as in its absence. This property may break down if the potential is unbounded. In the present work, we report on the results of simulations of subdiﬀusion in a two-dimensional periodic array of solid obstacles (i.e., in an unbounded potential) with diﬀerent packing fractions. It is revealed that the universal subdiﬀusive behavior at long times is not inﬂuenced by the presence of solid scatterers, whose presence inﬂuences the behavior at intermediate times only. This result is discussed as having possible relations to the emerging problem of interpretation of results on trajectories of tracers spreading in the brain’s extracellular space.

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Section: A Methods Of Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subdiffusion in an array of solid obstacles

Postnikov,

Sokolov

2024

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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“…The alternative organotypic preparation, the membrane interface culture by the Muller technique, is harder to transfer and position in an inverted microscope imaging chamber due to the soft membrane they grow on, and they lack the optical benefits of cultures grown on a glass interface ( Stoppini et al, 1991 ; De Simoni and Yu, 2006 ). However, they are in our experience easier to maintain in good health than Gähwiler style ones, and they have been imaged on inverted microscopes by SUSHI by placing the slice on the membrane upside down in an imaging chamber to investigate ECS structure across the hippocampal layers ( Dembitskaya et al, 2023 ; Grassi et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Organotypic Brain Slicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence microscopy shadow imaging for neuroscience

Inavalli,

Puente Muñoz,

Draffin

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Fluorescence microscopy remains one of the single most widely applied experimental approaches in neuroscience and beyond and is continuously evolving to make it easier and more versatile. The success of the approach is based on synergistic developments in imaging technologies and fluorophore labeling strategies that have allowed it to greatly diversify and be used across preparations for addressing structure as well as function. Yet, while targeted labeling strategies are a key strength of fluorescence microscopy, they reciprocally impose general limitations on the possible types of experiments and analyses. One recent development that overcomes some of these limitations is fluorescence microscopy shadow imaging, where membrane-bound cellular structures remain unlabeled while the surrounding extracellular space is made to fluoresce to provide a negative contrast shadow image. When based on super-resolution STED microscopy, the technique in effect provides a positive image of the extracellular space geometry and entire neuropil in the field of view. Other noteworthy advantages include the near elimination of the adverse effects of photobleaching and toxicity in live imaging, exhaustive and homogeneous labeling across the preparation, and the ability to apply and adjust the label intensity on the fly. Shadow imaging is gaining popularity and has been applied on its own or combined with conventional positive labeling to visualize cells and synaptic proteins in their parenchymal context. Here, we highlight the inherent limitations of fluorescence microscopy and conventional labeling and contrast these against the pros and cons of recent shadow imaging approaches. Our aim is to describe the brief history and current trajectory of the shadow imaging technique in the neuroscience field, and to draw attention to its ease of application and versatility.

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Advancement in modulation of brain extracellular space and unlocking its potential for intervention of neurological diseases

Yong,

Cai,

Lin

et al. 2024

Med-X

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Cells in the brain are surrounded by extracellular space (ECS), which forms porous nets and interconnected routes for molecule transportation. Our view of brain ECS has changed from a largely static compartment to dynamic and diverse structures that actively regulate neural activity and brain states. Emerging evidence supports that dysregulation of brain ECS contributes to the pathogenesis and development of many neurological disorders, highlighting the importance of therapeutic modulation of brain ECS function. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the regulation and dysfunction of ECS in healthy and pathological brains, as well as advanced tools to investigate properties of brain ECS. This review emphasizes modulation methods to manipulate ECS with implications to restore their function in brain diseases. Graphical Abstract

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Nanoscale and functional heterogeneity of the hippocampal extracellular space

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Subdiffusion in an array of solid obstacles

Subdiffusion in an array of solid obstacles

Fluorescence microscopy shadow imaging for neuroscience

Advancement in modulation of brain extracellular space and unlocking its potential for intervention of neurological diseases

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