Nanoporous gold anode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell

Nagle, Lorraine C.; Rohan, James F.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.09.077

Cited by 84 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…An onset potential of -1.07 V vs. SCE and an oxidation current of 73.6 mA cm -2 was recorded for 20 mM borohydride in 1 M NaOH. 37 NPG can provide a solution to the poor long-term stability and sintering problems that plague supported Au nanoparticle catalysts which limit their use in industrial heterogeneous catalysis. Furthermore, the diffusion of an electroactive species to carbon supported-Au nanoparticles is limited by the low degree of porosity of the support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The onset potential for borohydride oxidation at NPG in a wire array format shifted to more negative potentials than that observed at a Au disc and higher currents were realized. 37 An onset potential of -1.07 V vs. SCE was recorded for 20 mM borohydride in 1 M NaOH which is 0.207 V lower than that at a Au disc and the corresponding oxidation current increased to 73.6 mA cm -2 from 3.2 mA cm -2 . An n value of 7.49 was determined for the oxidation peak at high potential (-0.49 V) while a value of 4.26 was determined at low potential for the oxidation plateau centered at -0.05 V. NPG presents an attractive alternative to Au nanoparticle-based catalysts for use in direct borohydride fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Nanoporous Gold Catalyst for Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cells

Nagle

Rohan

2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Nanoporous gold (NPG) electrodes were fabricated in film and wire array formats by selectively dealloying Ag from Au0.18Ag0.82. The ammonia borane (AB) oxidation reaction was studied by cyclic voltammetry at the NPG electrodes. The onset potential for the oxidation at NPG in a wire array format shifted to more negative potentials than that observed at a Au disc and higher currents were realised. An onset potential of −1.30 V vs. SCE was recorded which is 0.28 V lower than that at a Au disc. The oxidation current for 20 mM AB in 1 M NaOH increased from 2.65 mA cm−2 at a Au disc to 13.1 mA cm−2 at a NPG wire array. NPG is a viable candidate as an anode catalyst for a direct ammonia borane fuel cell.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nanoporous Gold Catalyst for Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cells

Nagle

Rohan

2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) was first proposed as anodic fuel in 1962, pointing out the benefits of high storage density and long-term stability in alkaline solution [2]. In combination with an oxygen electrode an overall cell voltage of 1.64 V according to the cell Reaction (3) can be obtained [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrooxidation of borohydride: A mechanistic study on palladium (Pd/C) applying RRDE, 11B-NMR and FTIR

Grimmer

Grandi

Zacharias

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…10,13,26,27 The catalyst powder is suspended in 1-propanol and a solution of AS-4 anionic conducting polymer (Tokuyama). The suspension is drop coated on the carbon cloth in four steps and dried at 50…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Supported Nanocrystalline Manganese Oxide: Surpassing Platinum as Oxygen Reduction Catalyst in Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

Grimmer

Grandi

Zacharias

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Manganese oxide (MnO 2 ) nanodispersed on high surface area carbon was tested as cathode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cells with an anion conducting membrane. In order to investigate the effects of borohydride crossover, ex-situ experiments toward oxygen reduction reaction were conducted employing rotating disk electrodes in presence of borohydride and thiourea. Although platinum showed superior catalytic properties at ideal conditions, manganese oxide outperformed platinum significantly in presence of borohydride. Direct borohydride fuel cell tests were conducted using Pt/C-based and MnO 2 /C-based. After one hour of operation at 0.40 V the platinum based membrane electrode assembly lost approx. 30% of its initial peak power density while the non-precious metal MEA showed constant performance. The peak power density of the single test cell with a Pt/C based anode, an anion exchange membrane and a MnO 2 /C based cathode was 38 mW cm Direct liquid fuel cells (DLFC) offer certain advantages compared to hydrogen based fuel cell systems. Liquid fuels are generally easier to store and safer in handling than pressurized gases. Furthermore, the adaptation of the existing fossil based fuel involves considerably lower investment costs. Among various alcohols, most importantly methanol, borohydride proves to be an interesting and promising fuel candidate for DLFCs.1-3 As a result the number of publications concerning borohydride as hydrogen storage compound and direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) is strongly increasing in the last decade. 4 Borohydride which is usually applied in the form of sodium borohydride NaBH 4 is a white crystalline solid which exhibits a theoretical energy density of 9.3 Wh g −1 . 5The electrooxidation of BH 4 − (shown in Reaction 1) releases eight electrons at a very low theoretical potential. 6 In combination with an oxygen electrode the theoretical cell voltage is 1.64 V (see Reaction 3).Due to fuel crossover with any kind of alkaline electrolytes most publications dealing with DBFCs report the usage of cation exchange membranes.7 In this arrangement sodium acts as charge carrier and is conducted from the anode to the cathode side. The main issue of using cation exchange membranes is the formation of NaOH at the cathode and the undesirable concentration ratio [OH − ]/[BH 4 − ] with a minimum of eight in the fuel.To overcome this major drawback there are in principle two approaches. First, the establishment of hydroxide permeable membranes those are impermeable for borohydride or second, the development of cathode catalysts that show high catalytic selectivity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and high tolerance toward borohydride.State-of-the-art catalysts for DBFCs are platinum and gold at the anode and platinum at the cathode. 7,8 Platinum is still the cathode * Electrochemical Society Member. z E-mail: christoph.grimmer@tugraz.at catalyst of choice due to its high ORR activity and sufficient longterm stability.9 However, the usage of platinum at the cathode side harbors si...

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Nanoporous gold anode catalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell

Cited by 84 publications

References 36 publications

Nanoporous Gold Catalyst for Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cells

Nanoporous Gold Catalyst for Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cells

The electrooxidation of borohydride: A mechanistic study on palladium (Pd/C) applying RRDE, 11B-NMR and FTIR

Carbon Supported Nanocrystalline Manganese Oxide: Surpassing Platinum as Oxygen Reduction Catalyst in Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

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