Nanopore formation process in artificial cell membrane induced by plasma-generated reactive oxygen species

Abstract

We investigated morphological change of an artificial lipid bilayer membrane induced by oxygen radicals which were generated by non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma. Neutral oxygen species, O((3)Pj) and O2((1)Δg), were irradiated of a supported lipid bilayer existing under a buffer solution at various conditions of dose time and distances, at which the dose amounts of the oxygen species were calculated quantitatively. Observation using an atomic force microscope and a fluorescence microscope revealed that dose of the neutral oxygen species generated nanopores with the diameter of 10-50 nm in a phospholipid bilayer, and finally destructed the bilayer structure. We found that protrusions appeared on the lipid bilayer surface prior to the formation of nanopores, and we attributed the protrusions to the precursor of the nanopores. We propose a mechanism of the pore formation induced by lipid oxidation on the basis of previous experimental and theoretical studies.

A combination of electrochemistry and mass spectrometry to monitor the interaction of reactive species with supported lipid bilayers

“…It was suggested, that via bond flipping mechanism the · OH radical might reach into the bulk of liquids 92 , allowing the attack on the lipid. In addition, sub-stoichiometric amounts are assumed sufficient to start a radical chain reaction 93 , leading to the observed oxidation pattern. Furthermore, the distance of 1.8 cm between the gas–liquid interface and the lipid bilayer could be a reason for a different effect on the lipid bilayer (Fig.…”

The assessment of cold atmospheric plasma treatment of DNA in synthetic models of tissue fluid, tissue and cells

“…Previously, in a computational simulation study, Yusupov et al has shown that the synergistic action of electric field with H 2 O 2 potentially increases phospholipid membrane permeability that increases the ingress of RONS into cells [54]. This perhaps occurs on a very fast time-scale with only small nanometre diameter pore openings in the phospholipid membrane [99]. This would explain only minimal leakage of the encapsulated CF from the vesicles with plasma jet treatment.…”

Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas in dermatology: Sources, reactive agents, and therapeutic effects

“…[ 132 ] (j) CAP‐generated nanopore on the cell membrane (the zoomed‐in picture captures the edge of the nanopores had clear contrast compared with the flat supported lipid bilayers (SLB). [ 133 ] (k) The intracellular ROS after CAP treatment measured by flow cytometry analysis. [ 134 ] CAP, cold atmospheric pressure plasma; RONS, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species…”

“…[ 154 ] Observation using an atomic force microscope and a fluorescence microscope revealed that the dose of the ROS generated nanopores with a diameter of 10–50 nm in a phospholipid bilayer, and finally destructed the bilayer structure (Figure 5j). [ 133 ]…”