Nanopolymersomes with an Ultrahigh Iodine Content for High‐Performance X‐Ray Computed Tomography Imaging In Vivo

Zou, Yan; Wei, Yaohua; Wang, Guanglin; Meng, Fenghua; Gao, Mingyuan; Storm, Gert; Zhong, Zhiyuan

doi:10.1002/adma.201603997

Cited by 83 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Recently, Zou et al designed biocompatible and biodegradable iodinated nanopolymersomes with high stability and low viscosity via self‐assembly of poly(ethylene glycol)‐ b ‐poly(iodine trimethylene carbonate) (PEG‐ b ‐PIC) diblock copolymer ( Figure a) . These iodine‐rich nanopolymersomes (IPs) exhibited an ultrahigh iodine content (60.4 wt.%) and 1.2‐fold higher CT contrast efficacy than Iobitridol (Figure b).…”

Section: X‐ray‐excited Structural/functional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Depth Dependence by Nanotechnology‐Enhanced X‐Ray‐Excited Deep Cancer Theranostics

et al. 2019

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treat cancer patients; however, it can cause severe systemic toxicity and immunesystem depression due to its nonspecific nature. [2][3][4] As a noninvasive therapeutic modality, radiotherapy (RT) with assistance from image guidance/positioning can be used to deliver X/γ-ray radiation to tumors. [5][6][7][8] This enables radiation oncologists to target malignant tissues for precise cancer therapy [9][10][11] while minimizing radiation dose delivered to surrounding normal tissues. However, RT efficacy can be attenuated by factors like salient hypoxia found in solid tumors. [12][13][14][15] Moreover, some cancer subtypes and cancer stem cells exhibit high resistance to X-ray radiation. [16] Consequently, the development of radiosensitizers that can sensitize hypoxic or radio-resistant tumors to X-ray radiation [17][18][19][20] has become an area of intense research.The emerging radiosensitizers can be classified into three groups: gasotransmitters (e.g., O 2 , NO, H 2 S, etc.), [21][22][23][24][25] anticancer drugs (e.g., paclitaxel (PTX), docetaxel (Dtxl), topotecan (TPT), etc.), [26][27][28] and high-Z elements (e.g., Au, Ba, Bi, Pt, W, etc.). [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The gasotransmitters can mimic the radiosensitizing effect of oxygen and downregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression, [23] while anticancer drugs can induce cancer cells to enter the G2/M phase which is the most radiation-sensitive cell-cycle phase. [36] High-Z elements are known for scattering one X-ray beam into several beams to concentrate more radiation on tumors for aggravated radiation damage. [37,38] This radiation dose-amplification effect is based on the Compton scattering mechanism. [39] All of these radiosensitizers are usually loaded or engineered into nanocarriers for tumor-specific delivery or by passive tumor accumulation via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. [40] Heretofore, a great number of nanomaterials have been synthesized to pave the way for high-performance radiosensitization for RT enhancement. [41][42][43][44] Despite the appreciable progress achieved in X-ray radiation sensitization/enhancement, RT as a monotherapy generally fails to eliminate the whole tumor as cancer cells can undergo DNA-repair and regrowth. [45,46] As such, current research is gradually shifting from RT monotherapy to X-rayexcited multimodal therapy. This means that two or more therapeutic modalities are simultaneously activated by X-ray to yield synchronous/synergistic anticancer effects. [47][48][49] For example, it has been shown that high-energy X-ray irradiation can triggerThe advancements in nanotechnology have created multifunctional nanomaterials aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy for cancer. However, the ability to target deep-seated tumors remains one of the most critical challenges for certain nanomedicine applications. To this end, X-ray-excited theranostic techniques provide a means of overcoming the limits of light penetration and tissue attenuation. Herein, a comprehe...

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Section: X‐ray‐excited Structural/functional Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Depth Dependence by Nanotechnology‐Enhanced X‐Ray‐Excited Deep Cancer Theranostics

et al. 2019

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“…An in vivo contrast agent would make investigations with reduced sample size possible and allow for the study of vascular changes within the same animal over time; however, development of an in vivo contrast agent is not within the scope of this study. Currently, there exist in vivo contrast agents that reside within the blood pool for extended periods of time [ 43 , 44 ]; thus, we expect that the incorporation of Er into an in vivo agent is possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erbium-Based Perfusion Contrast Agent for Small-Animal Microvessel Imaging

Tse

Dunmore-Buyze

Drangova

et al. 2017

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging

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Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) facilitates the visualization and quantification of contrast-enhanced microvessels within intact tissue specimens, but conventional preclinical vascular contrast agents may be inadequate near dense tissue (such as bone). Typical lead-based contrast agents do not exhibit optimal X-ray absorption properties when used with X-ray tube potentials below 90 kilo-electron volts (keV). We have developed a high-atomic number lanthanide (erbium) contrast agent, with a K-edge at 57.5 keV. This approach optimizes X-ray absorption in the output spectral band of conventional microfocal spot X-ray tubes. Erbium oxide nanoparticles (nominal diameter < 50 nm) suspended in a two-part silicone elastomer produce a perfusable fluid with viscosity of 19.2 mPa-s. Ultrasonic cavitation was used to reduce aggregate sizes to <70 nm. Postmortem intact mice were perfused to investigate the efficacy of contrast agent. The observed vessel contrast was >4000 Hounsfield units, and perfusion of vessels < 10 μm in diameter was demonstrated in kidney glomeruli. The described new contrast agent facilitated the visualization and quantification of vessel density and microarchitecture, even adjacent to dense bone. Erbium's K-edge makes this contrast agent ideally suited for both single- and dual-energy micro-CT, expanding potential preclinical research applications in models of musculoskeletal, oncological, cardiovascular, and neurovascular diseases.

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“…It was reported that mice injection reached significant enhancement in liver, lymph nodes, and spleen 30 min after injection. Biodegradable nanopolymers with ultrahigh iodine content with high biocompatibility reported by Zou et al (). The group managed to produce polymeric nanoparticles, using iodine‐functionalized trimethylene carbonate monomer, in 100 nm mean diameter having 60.4% wt iodine content with low viscosity.…”

Section: Nanoparticle‐based Staining Agentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(a) Sagittal and coronal sections and (b) dynamic contrast enhanced density (ΔHU) of aorta of C57BL/6 mice after IV injection of IPs (500 mg I kg −1 ). (c) in vivo CT images and (d) dynamic contrast enhanced density (ΔHU) of several major organs at C57BL/6 mice after IV injection of IPs at different time intervals (Zou et al, ) [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Nanoparticle‐based Staining Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of X‐ray tomography contrast agents: A review of production, protocols, and biological applications

Koç

Aslan

Kao

et al. 2019

Microscopy Res & Technique

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X‐ray computed tomography is a strong tool that finds many applications both in medical applications and in the investigation of biological and nonbiological samples. In the clinics, X‐ray tomography is widely used for diagnostic purposes whose three‐dimensional imaging in high resolution helps physicians to obtain detailed image of investigated regions. Researchers in biological sciences and engineering use X‐ray tomography because it is a nondestructive method to assess the structure of their samples. In both medical and biological applications, visualization of soft tissues and structures requires special treatment, in which special contrast agents are used. In this detailed report, molecule‐based and nanoparticle‐based contrast agents used in biological applications to enhance the image quality were compiled and reported. Special contrast agent applications and protocols to enhance the contrast for the biological applications and works to develop nanoparticle contrast agents to enhance the contrast for targeted drug delivery and general imaging applications were also assessed and listed.

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Nanopolymersomes with an Ultrahigh Iodine Content for High‐Performance X‐Ray Computed Tomography Imaging In Vivo

Cited by 83 publications

References 44 publications

Breaking the Depth Dependence by Nanotechnology‐Enhanced X‐Ray‐Excited Deep Cancer Theranostics

Breaking the Depth Dependence by Nanotechnology‐Enhanced X‐Ray‐Excited Deep Cancer Theranostics

Erbium-Based Perfusion Contrast Agent for Small-Animal Microvessel Imaging

Evaluation of X‐ray tomography contrast agents: A review of production, protocols, and biological applications

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