Nanophotonic Quantum Storage at Telecommunication Wavelength

Craiciu, Ioana; Lei, M.; Rochman, Jake; Kindem, Jonathan M.; Bartholomew, John G.; Miyazono, Evan; Zhong, Tian; Sinclair, Neil; Faraon, Andrei

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.12.024062

Cited by 66 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Quality factors of up to 10 5 were measured for weakly coupled resonators, where the photonic crystal mirrors on both sides were designed to be highly reflective. The device used in this work is made one-sided for more efficient quantum storage [14,34] by using fewer photonic crystal periods in one mirror to make it less reflective. Light is sent into and measured from the side with the lower reflectivity mirror.…”

Section: Hybrid αSi-167 Er 3+ :Y 2 Sio 5 Resonator With Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrode geometry was designed to best approximate these two electric field profiles with four independently biased electrodes, while providing a large electric field for a given applied bias (E/V ). Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 has been extensively studied for quantum applications [4, 5, 7, 11-14, 36, 37], including demonstrations of AFC storage [11,12,14]. Erbium ions substitute for yttrium ions in Y 2 SiO 5 in 2 crystallographic sites, each of which has four different orientations due to the C 6 2h crystal symmetry [38].…”

Section: Hybrid αSi-167 Er 3+ :Y 2 Sio 5 Resonator With Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been several demonstrations of optical storage in erbium-doped materials [9][10][11][12][13][14], including storage at the quantum level [9,10,14], and on-chip storage [10,14]. These results are part of a larger body of optical quantum memory research [3,15], using rareearth-ion-doped crystals [16][17][18][19], atomic gases [20,21], and single atoms or defects [22,23].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional on-chip storage at telecommunication wavelength for quantum networks

Craiciu¹,

Lei²,

Rochman³

et al. 2021

Optica

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Quantum networks will enable a variety of applications, from secure communication and precision measurements to distributed quantum computing. Storing photonic qubits and controlling their frequency, bandwidth, and retrieval time are important functionalities in future optical quantum networks. Here we demonstrate these functions using an ensemble of erbium ions in yttrium orthosilicate coupled to a silicon photonic resonator and controlled via on-chip electrodes. Light in the telecommunication C-band is stored, manipulated, and retrieved using a dynamic atomic frequency comb protocol controlled by linear DC Stark shifts of the ion ensemble’s transition frequencies. We demonstrate memory time control in a digital fashion in increments of 50 ns, frequency shifting by more than a pulse width ( ± 39 M H z ), and a bandwidth increase by a factor of 3, from 6 to 18 MHz. Using on-chip electrodes, electric fields as high as 3 kV/cm were achieved with a low applied bias of 5 V, making this an appealing platform for rare-earth ions, which experience Stark shifts of the order of 10 kHz/(V/cm).

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Section: Hybrid αSi-167 Er 3+ :Y 2 Sio 5 Resonator With Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hybrid αSi-167 Er 3+ :Y 2 Sio 5 Resonator With Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional on-chip storage at telecommunication wavelength for quantum networks

Craiciu¹,

Lei²,

Rochman³

et al. 2021

Optica

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“…The second one is using focused-ion-beam milling. Quantum memories with high fidelity [17] and telecom-wavelength [18] have also been demonstrated. However, the storage time and storage efficiencies in these two systems are significantly reduced as compared with that in bulk crystals [5][19] [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable coherent optical memory based on a laser-written waveguide

Liu¹,

Zhou²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Optica

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151 Eu 3+ -doped yttrium silicate ( 151 Eu 3+ : Y 2 SiO 5 ) crystal is a unique material that possesses hyperfine states with coherence time up to 6 h. Many efforts have been devoted to the development of this material as optical quantum memories based on the bulk crystals, but integrable structures (such as optical waveguides) that can promote 151 Eu 3+ : Y 2 SiO 5 -based quantum memories to practical applications, have not been demonstrated so far. Here we report the fabrication of type II waveguides in a 151 Eu 3+ : Y 2 SiO 5 crystal using femtosecond-laser micromachining. The resulting waveguides are compatible with single-mode fibers and have the smallest insertion loss of 4.95 dB. On-demand light storage is demonstrated in a waveguide by employing the spinwave atomic frequency comb (AFC) scheme and the revival of silenced echo (ROSE) scheme. We implement a series of interference experiments based on these two schemes to characterize the storage fidelity. Interference visibility of the readout pulse is 0.99 ± 0.03 for the spin-wave AFC scheme and 0.97 ± 0.02 for the ROSE scheme, demonstrating the reliability of the integrated optical memory.

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“…Finally, AFC-based storage of qubits encoded into attenuated laser pulses has been demonstrated using 167 Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 3 . This work relied on spectral hole burning into nuclear spin levels of the 167 Er isotope [20], and the use of a nanocavity to reduce the lifetime of the excited level by means of the Purcell effect. However, the small storage bandwidth of 150 MHz, determined by the inhomogeneous linewidth of 167 Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 3 , and the small efficiency of less than 1% supports the general conclusion that the creation of a workable quantum memory for telecommunication-wavelength photons remains an open challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent atomic frequency comb based on Zeeman sub-levels of an erbium-doped crystal waveguide

et al. 2020

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Long-lived sub-levels of the electronic ground-state manifold of rare-earth ions in crystals can be used as atomic population reservoirs for photon echo-based quantum memories. We measure the dynamics of the Zeeman sub-levels of erbium ions that are doped into a lithium niobate waveguide, finding population lifetimes at cryogenic temperatures as long as seconds. Then, using these levels, we prepare and characterize atomic frequency combs, which can serve as a memory for quantum light at 1532 nm wavelength. The results allow predicting a 0.1% memory efficiency, mainly limited by unwanted background absorption that we conjecture to be caused by the coupling between twolevel systems (TLS) and erbium spins. Hence, while it should be possible to create an AFC-based quantum memory in Er 3+ :Ti 3+ :LiNbO3, improved crystal growth together with optimized AFC preparation will be required to make it suitable for applications in quantum communication.arXiv:1907.07780v2 [quant-ph]

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Nanophotonic Quantum Storage at Telecommunication Wavelength

Cited by 66 publications

References 42 publications

Multifunctional on-chip storage at telecommunication wavelength for quantum networks

Multifunctional on-chip storage at telecommunication wavelength for quantum networks

Reliable coherent optical memory based on a laser-written waveguide

Persistent atomic frequency comb based on Zeeman sub-levels of an erbium-doped crystal waveguide

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