Nanoparticles in reverse osmosis membranes for desalination: A state of the art review

Saleem, Haleema; Zaidi, Syed Javaid

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2019.114171

Cited by 226 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Furthermore, composited CNT membranes display enhanced fouling resistance [9,94,[145][146][147]. Concerning antimicrobial properties, biofouling will decrease [148] owing to the cytotoxic effects of CNTs [149,150].…”

Section: Fouling Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally recognized that raw CNTs are more toxic than functionalized CNTs because of the existence of metal catalyst [7]. Nevertheless, there are scarce studies concerning the negative impacts of CNTs on the environment as well as human [147]. Therefore, the unclear hazard of CNTs on the environment and human health must be investigated and evaluated in detail [7].…”

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the unclear hazard of CNTs on the environment and human health must be investigated and evaluated in detail [7]. However, previous studies on the impact of CNTs are mainly based on short-term effects [147]. For this reason, future investigations with attention to the longer-term implications of CNTs can help determine the environment's accurate toxicological profile [147].…”

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, previous studies on the impact of CNTs are mainly based on short-term effects [147]. For this reason, future investigations with attention to the longer-term implications of CNTs can help determine the environment's accurate toxicological profile [147]. Beyond that, necessary precautions need to be suggested in the complete procedure and implemented techniques to enable environment-friendly CNTs [7].…”

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Applications of Carbon Nanotubes for Desalination: A Review

et al. 2020

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As a sustainable, cost-effective and energy-efficient method, membranes are becoming a progressively vital technique to solve the problem of the scarcity of freshwater resources. With these critical advantages, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have great potential for membrane desalination given their high aspect ratio, large surface area, high mechanical strength and chemical robustness. In recent years, the CNT membrane field has progressed enormously with applications in water desalination. The latest theoretical and experimental developments on the desalination of CNT membranes, including vertically aligned CNT (VACNT) membranes, composited CNT membranes, and their applications are timely and comprehensively reviewed in this manuscript. The mechanisms and effects of CNT membranes used in water desalination where they offer the advantages are also examined. Finally, a summary and outlook are further put forward on the scientific opportunities and major technological challenges in this field.

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Section: Fouling Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Compatibility and Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Applications of Carbon Nanotubes for Desalination: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…The interdisciplinary research of material chemistry and engineering applications hold the key to heightened material performance. Tapping these new opportunities, innovations have been constantly made to resolve the pertinent issues of membrane processes, including addressing the trade-off between selectivity and productivity as well as membrane fouling, membrane aging and plasticization [ 10 ]. One such innovation which has created new horizons in membrane-based separation processes is the development of nanocomposite membranes—an emerging generation of membrane which amalgamates polymers and inorganic materials as one entity [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite Membranes for Liquid and Gas Separations from the Perspective of Nanostructure Dimensions

2020

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One of the critical aspects in the design of nanocomposite membrane is the selection of a well-matched pair of nanomaterials and a polymer matrix that suits their intended application. By making use of the fascinating flexibility of nanoscale materials, the functionalities of the resultant nanocomposite membranes can be tailored. The unique features demonstrated by nanomaterials are closely related to their dimensions, hence a greater attention is deserved for this critical aspect. Recognizing the impressive research efforts devoted to fine-tuning the nanocomposite membranes for a broad range of applications including gas and liquid separation, this review intends to discuss the selection criteria of nanostructured materials from the perspective of their dimensions for the production of high-performing nanocomposite membranes. Based on their dimension classifications, an overview of the characteristics of nanomaterials used for the development of nanocomposite membranes is presented. The advantages and roles of these nanomaterials in advancing the performance of the resultant nanocomposite membranes for gas and liquid separation are reviewed. By highlighting the importance of dimensions of nanomaterials that account for their intriguing structural and physical properties, the potential of these nanomaterials in the development of nanocomposite membranes can be fully harnessed.

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