Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Types and Preparation Methods

Ahlawat, Jyoti; Zubia, Emmanuel; Narayan, Mahesh

doi:10.1201/9780429341250-2

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…A wide variety of organic and inorganic materials are used for designing different US-responsive drug delivery nanocarriers such as proteins, liposomes, polymers, polymer-lipid hybrids, phase change materials, and others [ 92 ]. Polymeric nanoparticles ranging in the size from 10 to 10,000 nm are of colloidal character and consist of natural polymers such as proteins (e.g., albumin, gelatin, collagen) or polysaccharides (e.g., alginates, chitosan, dextran), or can be fabricated by using synthetic polymers [ 96 ], which are usually self-assembled and can be engineered towards various degrees of complexity [ 97 ]. It is possible to customize several key properties of these nanoparticles such as molecular weight, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and hydrophobicity [ 92 ].…”

Section: Materials Used For Nano-/microparticle Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment

Entzian

Aigner

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Conventional cancer chemotherapies often exhibit insufficient therapeutic outcomes and dose-limiting toxicity. Therefore, there is a need for novel therapeutics and formulations with higher efficacy, improved safety, and more favorable toxicological profiles. This has promoted the development of nanomedicines, including systems for drug delivery, but also for imaging and diagnostics. Nanoparticles loaded with drugs can be designed to overcome several biological barriers to improving efficiency and reducing toxicity. In addition, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are able to release their payload on demand at the tumor tissue site, preventing premature drug loss. This review focuses on ultrasound-triggered drug delivery by nanocarriers as a versatile, cost-efficient, non-invasive technique for improving tissue specificity and tissue penetration, and for achieving high drug concentrations at their intended site of action. It highlights aspects relevant for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, including ultrasound parameters and resulting biological effects. Then, concepts in ultrasound-mediated drug delivery are introduced and a comprehensive overview of several types of nanoparticles used for this purpose is given. This includes an in-depth compilation of the literature on the various in vivo ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems. Finally, toxicological and safety considerations regarding ultrasound-mediated drug delivery with nanocarriers are discussed.

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Section: Materials Used For Nano-/microparticle Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment

Entzian

Aigner

2021

Pharmaceutics

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“…14,15 On the other hand, nanoparticles efficiently absorb light energy, converting it into heat, making it suitable for hyperthermic tumor therapy, wherein photothermal stimulation delivers precise energy for targeted treatment. 16 Nanoparticles are usually synthesized using physical, chemical, and biological methods. Among them, a physical technique often yields a low quantity of AgNPs, while chemical methods necessitate using toxic chemicals to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It causes DNA damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial impairment in cancer cells, causing apoptosis 14,15 . On the other hand, nanoparticles efficiently absorb light energy, converting it into heat, making it suitable for hyperthermic tumor therapy, wherein photothermal stimulation delivers precise energy for targeted treatment 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of bovine serum albumin–tailored silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus fumigatus: Statistical optimization, characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity evaluation on colon cancer cells

Ahmed,

Sriramcharan,

Arivuselam

et al. 2024

Applied Organom Chemis

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Nanobiotechnology has evolved as a promising technology in developing therapeutically active materials. This study involved the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from extracellular filtrate from the fungal species Aspergillus fumigatus to assess their antioxidant and cytotoxic activity under in‐vitro conditions. This method has become more reliable than physical and chemical approaches, attributed to its use of ecologically clean and non‐toxic methods. These synthesized nanoparticles are then characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Design optimization was done to optimize the selected variables to choose the best‐fit ratios for the experiment. UV spectroscopy showed the absorption peaks for AgNPs and bovine serum albumin (BSA) AgNPs at 300 and 315 nm. FTIR spectroscopy showed amide, carboxyl, and ester groups in BSA AgNPs, indicating their role in stabilizing nanoparticles. The particle size and zeta potential for AgNPs and BSA AgNPs were found to be 124.81 and 152.92 nm; zeta potentials for AgNPS and BSA AgNPs were found to be −13.3 and −15.6 mV. Various antioxidant studies like 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonate) (ABTS), ion chelating assay, lipid peroxide assay, and malondialdehyde were carried out, indicating good antioxidant activity for synthesized nanoparticles. SEM images advocated good spherical images and are well dispersed. The cytotoxic assay performed on HT‐29 colon cancer cells exhibited good inhibition activity for AgNPs and BSA AgNPs, with an IC50 value of 120 and 100 μg/ml. These study results revealed that the synthesized AgNPs, on optimization through Box‐Behnken design, exhibited good antioxidant and cytotoxic activity.

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“…Cancer is one of the most devastating diseases, characterized by the uncontrolled division of mutated cells. Its pathogenesis is very complex and commonly caused by the genetic deregulation or mutation that results from exposure to environmental pollutants or xenobiotics . The generation of free radicals in the human body is considered to be one of the major reasons for the development of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its pathogenesis is very complex and commonly caused by the genetic deregulation or mutation that results from exposure to environmental pollutants or xenobiotics. 1 The generation of free radicals in the human body is considered to be one of the major reasons for the development of cancer. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during aerobic metabolism can injure various cellular biomolecules, causing damage to organs and tissues, causing a variety of degenerating disorders including cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Alnus nitida Leaf Extract as a Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent

et al. 2023

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Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts is gaining attention as a substitute to the conventional physical and chemical synthesis methods. This study reports a facile, cost-effective, and ecofriendly synthesis of AgNPs using leaf extract of Alnus nitida (A. nitida) and their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using various analytical techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering. The antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of the extract and AgNPs was evaluated using different in vitro models. The UV–vis analysis revealed a surface plasmon resonance peak of 400 nm corresponding to the synthesis of AgNPs. SEM analysis confirmed the formation of heterogeneously dispersed particles of nano size, while the XRD and FTIR spectra confirmed the crystallinity and existence of different functional groups that helped in capping and stability of AgNPs. The antioxidant activity of AgNPs and extract, studied by 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and H2O2 scavenging assays, showed a dose-dependent effect. The AgNPs at 1000 μg/mL significantly scavenged DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and H2O2 by 66.45, 74.65, 78.81, and 72.56% with an average IC50 value of 33.31, 18.50, 16.46, and 15.65 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic potential investigated by MTT assay revealed promising antiproliferative effects against different cancer cell lines. The IC50 values of AgNPs on MDA-MB-231, A549, and Hep-G2 cells were 14.88, 3.6, and 5.38 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed that AgNPs were more effective against lung and hepatocellular carcinoma. The selectivity index showed that AgNPs remained highly selective in retarding the growth of A549 and Hep-G2 cells as compared to normal cell lines HPAEpiC and HRPTEpiC. Overall, this study showed that biosynthesized AgNPs were associated with considerable antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. Our work suggests that A. nitida-mediated AgNPs should be evaluated further in order to develop safe and effective formulations for the treatment of different degenerative diseases.

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Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Types and Preparation Methods

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment

Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment

Green synthesis of bovine serum albumin–tailored silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus fumigatus: Statistical optimization, characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity evaluation on colon cancer cells

Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Alnus nitida Leaf Extract as a Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent

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