Nanoparticles Based on Novel Carbohydrate-Functionalized Polymers

Abstract

Polymeric nanoparticles can be used for drug delivery systems in healthcare. For this purpose poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) offer an excellent polymeric matrix. In this work, PLGA and PEG polymers were functionalized with coumarin and carbohydrate moieties such as thymidine, glucose, galactose, and mannose that have high biological specificities. Using a single oil in water emulsion methodology, functionalized PLGA nanoparticles were prepared having a smooth surface and sizes ranging between 114–289 nm, a low polydispersity index and a zeta potential from −28.2 to −56.0 mV. However, for the corresponding PEG derivatives the polymers obtained were produced in the form of films due to the small size of the hydrophobic core.

Cinnamomum verum-derived bioactives-functionalized gold nanoparticles for prevention of obesity through gut microbiota reshaping

“…2 ; Table 1 ). Although galactose is the major component of Au@P-NPs, several studies have reported that galactose and its derivatives act as linker agents to assemble various functional agents on the surface of metal NPs [ 48 , 49 ]. As such, the content of galactose present on the surface of Au@P-NPs was so less that it was unlikely to cause hyperglycemic-mediated obesity [ 50 ] rather it might have favoured gut microbes responsible for maintaining gut-microbiota-bile acid axis.…”

Selectivity of 1-O-Propargyl-d-Mannose Preparations

“…Our results lie within this interval, as we obtained a 37% yield. However, only a minority of authors described the synthesis of any product other than propargyl-α- d -mannopyranoside (α-2), specifically propargyl-β- d -mannopyranoside (β-2) was detected in a few cases [ 20 , 21 ]. Moreover, the products obtained from the reaction were commonly per- O -acetylated before characterisation.…”

“…Propargyl-mannosides are synthesised using two different approaches—direct synthesis ( Scheme 1 , conditions (a)) and three-step synthesis using the protection–deprotection strategy. Several authors mentioned that the preparation they used may lead to the desired mannopyranoside but that they also may lead to unknown by-products [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Despite that, some authors used the product immediately without purification and estimation of purity [ 22 , 23 ].…”

“…Other preparations were made with sulphuric acid as a catalyst ( Scheme 1 , conditions (b)) [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 25 ]. All authors purified the product using column chromatography, although the mobile phases differed (CHCl 3 –MeOH; EtOAc–acetone–H 2 O; CH 2 Cl 2 –MeOH).…”

Cationic lipid-assisted nanoparticles for simultaneous delivery of CD47 siRNA and R848 to promote antitumor immune responses

“…With the development of nanotechnology, the nanomedicine delivery system enables drugs to enrich the tumor tissue and improves the drug uptake rate of target cells. Nanocarriers could protect the drug activity, reducing the non-specific reaction and "off-target" effects of gene drugs in vivo and, meanwhile, avoiding the toxic side effects of hydrophobic drugs (Raposo et al, 2020). Compared to the delivery of different agents separately, co-delivery has the advantages of ensuring the efficient enrichment of two drugs in the tissue simultaneously and guaranteeing the two drugs being delivered to the cells, according to the preset proportion.…”