Nanoparticles Against Schistosomiasis

Mahdavi

Zaker

et al. 2020

The therapeutic properties of tin nanoparticles have been proved in recent years. One of their probable effects is anti‐anemia. In this study, tin nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized in aqueous medium using Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam leaf aqueous extract as the reducing and stabilizing agent. We also assessed the antihemolytic anemia potential of tin nanoparticles (SnNPs) in an animal model of hemolytic anemia. Tin nanoparticles were characterized using many techniques including Fourier transform‐infrared and UV‐visible spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, and field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). FE‐SEM images showed a uniform spherical morphology in size of 18.12 nm for the green synthesized nanoparticles. According to XRD analysis, SnNPs crystal size was17.94 nm. SnNPs had low cell viability dose‐dependently against human umbilical vein endothelial cell line. in vivo design, induction of hemolytic anemia was done by phenylhydrazine in 40 mice. Tin nanoparticles significantly (p ≤ 0.01) reduced the weight and volume of liver and spleen and the concentration of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and increased the body weight, anti‐inflammatory cytokines concentration, total platelet, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, monocyte, and basophil counts, and red blood cell parameters compared to the untreated mice. For the biochemical parameters, SnNPs significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased the concentrations of GPx, CAT, and SOD in serum, liver, and spleen and decreased the concentration of GR in serum, liver, and spleen, and also erythropoietin, ferritin, and ferrous in serum as compared to the anemic mice. The 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl test showed similar antioxidant activities for SnNPs and butylated hydroxytoluene. The results demonstrate the excellent antihemolytic anemia, hematoprotective, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant potentials of SnNPs compared to other experimental groups.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chemical characterization and anti‐hemolytic anemia potentials of tin nanoparticles synthesized by a green approach for bioremediation applications

Mahdavi

Zaker

et al. 2020

“…Similar to the present experiment, in an experiment has been shown that consumption of gold nanoparticles at 0.25, 0.5, and 1mg/kg mice body weight reduces significantly the concentrations of pro‐inflammatory cytokines including TNFα, IFNY, IL‐6, and IL‐1βin comparison to untreated mice. In the previous study, gold nanoparticles were introduced as an immune stimulant …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis and chemical characterization of gold nanoparticle synthesized using Camellia sinensis leaf aqueous extract for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in comparison to daunorubicin in a leukemic mouse model

Zangeneh

2020

According to chemotherapeutic properties of medicinal plants, pharmacologists have always tried to synthesize and formulate the new chemotherapeutic supplements or drugs of metallic nanoparticles using plants. In this study, Camellia sinensis leaf aqueous extract‐based gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are reported for the first time to exert a dietary therapeutic potential compared to Daunorubicin in an animal model of acute myeloid leukemia. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using different techniques including UV‐Vis., FT‐IR spectroscopy, TEM, EDS, FE‐SEM, and XRD. DPPH free radical scavenging test was done to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin. For the analyzing of cytotoxicity effects of HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin, MTT assay was used on HUVEC, Human HL‐60/vcr, 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, and Murine C1498 cell lines. In vivo design, induction of acute myeloid leukemia was done by 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in 75 mice. Then, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including control, untreated, HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin. FTIR findings suggested antioxidant compounds in the nanoparticles were the sources of reducing power, reducing gold ions to AuNPs. SEM and TEM images exhibited a uniform spherical morphology and diameters of ~20‐30 nm for the nanoparticles. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for daunorubicin and AuNPs. These nanoparticles similar to daunorubicin had low cell viability dose‐dependently against Human HL‐60/vcr, 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, and Murine C1498 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on HUVEC cell line. AuNPs similar to daunorubicin, significantly (p≤0.05) increased the anti‐inflammatory cytokines and the lymphocyte, platelet, and RBC parameters and decreased the weight and volume of liver and spleen, the pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and the total WBC, blast, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts, as compared to the untreated mice. According to the above results, it appears that AuNPs can be used as a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in the clinical trial.

“…Similar to our study, in a study has been revealed that administration of gold nanoparticles at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg mice body weight decreases the concentrations of pro‐inflammatory cytokines including IL‐1β, IL‐6, IFNY, and TNFα in comparison to untreated mice significantly. In the previous study, gold nanoparticles were introduced as an immune stimulant …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Green formulation and chemical characterization of Lens culinaris seed aqueous extract conjugated gold nanoparticles for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in comparison to mitoxantrone in a leukemic mouse model

Zangeneh

2020

The high prevalence of cancer has been increased the rate of studying about the new formulation of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this regards, one of the suitable options is the use of metal nanoparticles for formulating these drugs. In the recent study, Lens culinaris seed aqueous extract conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are reported for the first time to exert a dietary therapeutic potential compared to mitoxantrone in an animal model of acute myeloid leukemia. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using different techniques including UV–Vis., FT‐IR, XRD, FE‐SEM, and TEM. DPPH free radical scavenging test was done to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of HAuCl4, L. culinaris, AuNPs, and mitoxantrone. For the analyzing of cytotoxicity effects of HAuCl4, L. culinaris, AuNPs, and mitoxantrone, MTT assay was used on HUVEC, 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, Human HL‐60/vcr, and Murine C1498 cell lines. In vivo assay, induction of acute myeloid leukemia was done by 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in 75 mice. Then, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including control, untreated, HAuCl4, L. culinaris, AuNPs, and mitoxantrone. SEM and TEM images showed uniform spherical morphology and average diameters of 10–40 nm for the nanoparticles. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for mitoxantrone and AuNPs. Similar to mitoxantrone, AuNPs had low cell viability dose‐dependently against 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, Human HL‐60/vcr, and Murine C1498 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on HUVEC cell line. AuNPs and mitoxantrone significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced the weight and volume of liver and spleen, the pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and the total WBC, blast, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts and increased the mRNA expression of Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐1 and Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐5, the anti‐inflammatory cytokines, and the lymphocyte, platelet, and RBC parameters as compared to the untreated mice. It looks that AuNPs can be administrated as a chemotherapeutic supplement or drug for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in the clinical trial.