Nanoparticle Synthesis in the Gas Phase

Niedermaier, Matthias; Schwab, Thomas; Diwald, Oliver

doi:10.1002/9781119436782.ch3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The solution was then injected by a syringe pump with a flow rate of 2 mL·min –1 into the nozzle of the flame burner and atomized by oxygen as dispersion gas. Further process details are described in refs ( 39 ) and ( 40 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

et al. 2023

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Particle attachment and neck formation inside TiO2 nanoparticle networks determine materials performance in sensing, photo-electrochemistry, and catalysis. Nanoparticle necks can feature point defects with potential impact on the separation and recombination of photogenerated charges. Here, we investigated with electron paramagnetic resonance a point defect that traps electrons and predominantly forms in aggregated TiO2 nanoparticle systems. The associated paramagnetic center resonates in the g factor range between g = 2.0018 and 2.0028. Structure characterization and electron paramagnetic resonance data suggest that during materials processing, the paramagnetic electron center accumulates in the region of nanoparticle necks, where O2 adsorption and condensation can occur at cryogenic temperatures. Complementary density functional theory calculations reveal that residual carbon atoms, which potentially originate from synthesis, can substitute oxygen ions in the anionic sublattice, where they trap one or two electrons that mainly localize at the carbon. Their emergence upon particle neck formation is explained by the synthesis- and/or processing-induced particle attachment and aggregation facilitating carbon atom incorporation into the lattice. This study represents a substantial advance in linking dopants, point defects, and their spectroscopic fingerprints to microstructural features of oxide nanomaterials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

et al. 2023

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“…[218,220] Metal-organic compounds like metal alkoxides (e.g., titanium tetraisopropoxide [TTIP]) or metal acetates (e.g., zinc acetate) will go through heat decomposition or combustion in furnace, flame, plasma, or laser. [219,221] The large market (multiple billions of dollars per year) of combusted "fume" metal oxides like silica, titania, and alumina was created and products are widely used in the industry as catalysts, reinforcement agents, and pigments. [222] More recently, industrially synthesized micro-and nanoparticles through vapor-based methods are utilized in healthcare scenarios as filler materials in dental and bone tissue engineering applications and also was further functionalized for drug delivery and diagnostic purposes.…”

Section: Vapor-based Methods (Chemical Vapor Synthesis Flame Synthesi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 218 ] This can be achieved by either gas‐to‐particle conversion or particle‐to‐particle conversion. [ 219 ] Gas‐to‐particle conversion is achieved by using precursors in vapor form and chemical reactions directly convert them into smoke/aerosol. Particle‐to‐particle conversion leverages atomization methods to nebulize small liquid droplets via spraying or electrospraying.…”

Section: Methods Involving Chemical Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro‐ and Nanomanufacturing for Biomedical Applications and Nanomedicine: A Perspective

Wang,

Harker,

Edirisinghe

et al. 2023

Small Science

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Almost a century's dedicated research into micro‐ and nanomaterials has yielded fruitful development of preparation methods, achieving fine control over product properties among a broad spectrum of materials. One critical application of these materials lies within the healthcare sector for diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic purposes. However, bench‐to‐bedside translations are still hindered by some unmet demands, especially the scaling‐up from lab‐scale preparation to industry‐level production. The current review recapitulates the strategies of micro‐ and nanomaterial preparation from a holistic viewpoint. The similarities in synthesis and processing methods for various types of materials are highlighted. Furthermore, patents of commercialized nanomedicines are revisited to reveal a solid progress of micro‐ and nanomanufacturing in the last decade. In conclusion, further interdisciplinary research between fields in materials manufacturing is beneficial for the clinical translation and eventually unleashing the power of materials at small dimensions.

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“…We produced the barium titanate nanoparticle powder with a flame spray pyrolysis approach (FSP). The apparatus used consists of a syringe pump, a burner, and a powder-collecting unit. , The syringe pump (LA-160, HLL Landgraf) supplied the liquid fuel-precursor mixture at a constant flow rate of 2 mL/min. The precursor is transferred to the second unit (the burner) and sprayed through a nozzle.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Mediated Conversion of BaTiO₃ Nanoparticles into BaCO₃ Nanorods in Electrospun Polymer Fibers: Implications for Carbon Capture Applications

Razouq,

Neuhauser,

Zickler

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Under ambient conditions and in aqueous environments, transformations of nanoparticle-based ferroelectric components can raise important stability issues that are relevant for applications as multilayer capacitors, flexible piezoelectrics, or biomedical devices. We show that X-ray amorphous BaTiO3 nanoparticles that were grown by flame spray pyrolysis and which can be incorporated into electrospun polymer fibers undergo incongruent Ba2+ dissolution in the presence of water. At pH > 5 and in contact with air, corresponding Ba solutes spontaneously convert into crystalline BaCO3 needles to produce characteristic nano- and microstructures. We compared the reactivity of amorphous BaTiO3 nanoparticle powders with those of nanocrystals after annealing-induced crystallization. The stability of aqueous nanoparticle–polymer formulations, which are typically part of nanoparticle encapsulation in polymers and electrospinning, was included in this analysis. Nanoparticle size, crystallinity, surface area, the presence of carbonaceous surface contaminants, and the effect of surface passivation with polymers are addressed to underline the critical role of condensed water during the synthesis, storage, and processing of BaTiO3 nanoparticle-based composites.

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Nanoparticle Synthesis in the Gas Phase

Cited by 5 publications

References 125 publications

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

Micro‐ and Nanomanufacturing for Biomedical Applications and Nanomedicine: A Perspective

Water-Mediated Conversion of BaTiO₃ Nanoparticles into BaCO₃ Nanorods in Electrospun Polymer Fibers: Implications for Carbon Capture Applications

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Nanoparticle Synthesis in the Gas Phase

Cited by 5 publications

References 125 publications

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO2

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO2

Micro‐ and Nanomanufacturing for Biomedical Applications and Nanomedicine: A Perspective

Water-Mediated Conversion of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles into BaCO3 Nanorods in Electrospun Polymer Fibers: Implications for Carbon Capture Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

On the Importance of Nanoparticle Necks and Carbon Impurities for Charge Trapping in TiO₂

Water-Mediated Conversion of BaTiO₃ Nanoparticles into BaCO₃ Nanorods in Electrospun Polymer Fibers: Implications for Carbon Capture Applications