Nanoparticle-Based Drugs and Formulations: Current Status and Emerging Applications

Abstract

In the foreseeable future, the pharmaceuticals market, nanomedicine, and healthcare systems will largely depend on the drug nanoparticle formulation technology. Perceiving this, scientists around the world are reporting each day a significant amount of research work focusing on the fundamentals of nanocrystallization and performance enhancement. The nanocrystallization strategies' industrial applications mainly depend on the ability of the technique to produce nanoparticles of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with controlled particle size, narrow size distribution, stability, reproducibility, high solid loading, scale-up feasibility, suitabilty for a range of APIs, and cost-effectiveness. There are plenty of reports witnessing performance improvements of nanodrugs. The harmony between the nanocrystallization strategies, performance of nanodrugs, scale-up producibility, and industrial challenges remains an untold and unsummarized story in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology. This review is devoted to comprehensively discussing the promising nanocrystallization strategies, fundamental concepts, and promising results of nanodrugs. We have also reviewed the progress toward commercialization and market based on nanodrugs, further challenges toward industrial application, and the future direction of pharmaceutical technologies and their impact on the future of the healthcare system.

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Anti-Inflammatory Agents and Their Delivery Nanosystems

“…NanoDDS are widely investigated for cancer therapy, cardiovascular diseases treatment, anemia, and hemophilia treatment, in nutraceutical delivery, and also for neurodegenerative, infectious, autoimmune, ocular, and pulmonary diseases as well as for diagnostic, regenerative therapy, and other purposes [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 84 , 85 ].…”

Encapsulating Anti-Parasite Benzimidazole Drugs into Lipid-Coated Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles to Efficiently Induce Skin Cancer Cell Apoptosis

“…Providing a small size and a large surface area to volume ratio, nanoformulation has been considered as a promising approach for repositioning the poorly water-soluble drugs such as BMZs (Kumar et al, 2020) by improving their solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability (Thorat and Dalvi, 2012). In addition, nanoparticles provide the possibility of drug penetration through the tight junctions of the skin and blood brain barrier as well as offering enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, stimuli-responsive and targeted delivery (Kohane, 2007).…”

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“…Good oral bioavailability is very important, but many therapeutically significant drugs suffer from reduced oral bioavailability. This can be due to several aspects such as less solubility, partial permeability and hepatic metabolism etc (Kumar et al 2020). In recent years, there has been augmented importance in studying colloidal drug delivery system such as micelles, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticle and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems.…”