Nanoparticle Assembly at Fluid Interfaces:  Structure and Dynamics

Lin, Yao; Böker, Alexander; Skaff, Habib; Cookson, David J.; Dinsmore, A. D.; Emrick, Todd; Russell, Thomas P.

doi:10.1021/la048000q

Cited by 303 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Furthermore, fluorescence loss induced by photobleaching and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching on the same system revealed that the lateral diffusion of these assemblies is 4 orders of magnitude slower than its bulk counterpart. 36 Second harmonic generation, 37 surface plasmon resonance 38 and ellipsometry 39 have also been shown as a characterization method for NPs at the LLI. More recently, freezefracture shadow-casting cryo SEM has been performed with single-particle resolution of these assemblies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Ruler at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

et al. 2012

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We report on a simple, fast, and inexpensive method to study adsorption and desorption of metallic nanoparticles at a liquid/liquid interface. These interfaces provide an ideal platform for the formation of two-dimensional monolayers of nanoparticles, as they form spontaneously, cannot be broken, and are defectcorrecting, acting as 2D 'nanoparticle traps'. Such two-dimensional self-assembled nanoparticle arrays have a vast range of potential applications in displays, catalysis, plasmonic rulers, optoelectronics, sensors and detectors. Here, we show that 16 nm diameter gold nanoparticles can be controllably adsorbed to a water/1,2-dichloroethane interface, and we can direct the average inter-particle spacing at the interface over the range 6-35 nm. The particle density and average inter-particle spacing are experimentally assessed by measuring the optical plasmonic response of the nanoparticles in the bulk and at the interface, and by comparing the experimental data with existing theoretical results.Keywords: liquid-liquid interface, Plasmonic Ruler, Nanoparticles, Self Assembly, Centrifugation. Nanoparticle (NP) adsorption at liquid-liquid interfaces (LLI) is a well established phenomenon that was first reported independently more than a century ago by Ramsden and Pickering. 1, 2 More recently, plasmonic NPs at LLIs have been reported to possess novel "metal liquid like" properties 3 that have sparked a renewed interest. Driven by the growing need for cheap, fast and reproducible bottom-up assembly for nanotechnological applications, the unique optical, 4 magnetic, 5 electrical 6 and chemical 7 properties of such films has attracted intensive research in a rapidly growing field.NP assemblies at LLIs hold great promise in diverse fields ranging from electrovariable optics 8 to templates for hierarchical self assembly, 9 and plasmonic rulers. 10 One of the main benefits of localising NPs at a LLI for these applications is the aforementioned self-assembly. 11 Currently, most technological applications of nanoassemblies are based around solid-state fabrication. Although the control that the solid interface offers is unparalleled, it does have several drawbacks when compared to a LLI. One such drawback is topological defects -these can be introduced either during or post-manufacturing and are extremely difficult to correct. In fact it is often easier to fabricate a new device rather than attempting to repair defects. Conversely, a LLI system has the ability to self-correct without any external manipulation. 12 An additional drawback of a solid state system becomes clear when introducing the exciting concept of a plasmonic ruler. [13][14][15] The coupling between excitations of localized plasmons in NPs can allow for precise spatial information. This concept has been demonstrated between 2D arrays, 10 particle dimers 14 at solid interfaces and tethered NPs in bulk solution. 16 It has even been recently demonstrated to provide 3-dimensional structural information. 17 The use of plasmonic particles at the LLI sh...

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confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Ruler at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

et al. 2012

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“…For particles of only a few nanometers in size, adsorption to the liquid-gas or liquid-liquid interface can be of order k B T and reversible [8], as for molecular surfactants. To evaluate how strongly nanoparticles adsorb to liquid interfaces, the conventional method is to measure the interfacial tension as a function of particle concentration [9][10][11][12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution of Nanocrystals Imaged at the Liquid-Air Interface

Rijssel¹,

Linden²,

Meeldijk

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The 3D distribution of nanocrystals at the liquid-air interface is imaged for the first time on a singleparticle level by cryogenic electron tomography, revealing the equilibrium concentration profile from the interface to the bulk of the liquid. When the surface tension of the liquid is decreased, the interaction of the nanocrystals with the liquid-air interface shifts from adsorption to desorption. Macroscopic surface tension measurements do not detect this transition, due to the presence of surface-active molecular species.

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“…Based on videomicroscopy on fluorescent rough silica particles of R ≈ 770 nm at an octanol-water interface, Vignati, Piazza, and Lockhart report no slowing down compared to bulk diffusion at low interface coverage and only a factor of 3 slowing down for an interfacial coverage as high as 50% [32]. Contrary findings of a slowing down by four orders of magnitude compared to the bulk diffusion of 4.6-nm-sized coated CdSe particles at a toluene-water interface determined by fluorescence photobleaching methods are reported by Lin et al [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Evanescent-wave dynamic light scattering at an oil-water interface: Diffusion of interface-adsorbed colloids

et al. 2011

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A light-scattering goniometer for evanescent-wave dynamic light scattering (EWDLS) measurements at a liquid-fluid interface is introduced, and used for measurements on two charge-stabilized polystyrene colloid systems adsorbed to alkane-water interfaces. The goniometer allows an independent variation of the penetration depth and the scattering vector components parallel and perpendicular to a liquid-fluid interface. The possible illumination geometries are compared. Ellipsometry at the liquid-fluid interface is implemented as a complementary tool. In EWDLS measurements, the absence of diffusive motion perpendicular to the interface is demonstrated, which confirms the adsorption of the particles. The two-step decay of the autocorrelation function is interpreted in terms of diffusion within a two-dimensional interface lattice of colloidal particles, stabilized by repulsive electrostatic interactions, and a desorption process. A significant slowing down of the in-plane diffusion of the colloids as compared to the bulk diffusion is observed.

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Nanoparticle Assembly at Fluid Interfaces: Structure and Dynamics

Cited by 303 publications

References 28 publications

Plasmonic Ruler at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

Plasmonic Ruler at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

Spatial Distribution of Nanocrystals Imaged at the Liquid-Air Interface

Evanescent-wave dynamic light scattering at an oil-water interface: Diffusion of interface-adsorbed colloids

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