Nanomotion detection based on atomic force microscopy cantilevers

Kohler, Anne-Céline; Venturelli, Leonardo; Longo, Giovanni; Dietler, Giovanni; Kasas, Sandor

doi:10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100021

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, antibiotics with diverse chemical nature and mechanisms of action, such as beta-lactams (inhibitors of cell wall synthesis), aminoglycosides and tetracyclines (inhibitors of protein synthesis), and sulphonamides (inhibitors of folate synthesis), among others, were successfully tested. In fact, bionanomechanical effects of both bactericidal and bacteriostatic drugs were detected, showing, in general terms, good agreement with conventional AST procedures (Kohler et al, 2019).…”

Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…These results demonstrate the suitability of this approach for accurate AST in <1 h using low cell densities. Mechanistically, the deflection fluctuations might originate from dynamics of the bacterial surface (cell wall and membrane), inner metabolic motion, or the activity of membrane protein pumps such as ATPases (molecular nano-motors) (Kohler et al, 2019). Later, this detection scheme was successfully generalized to rectangular cantilevers and tested with many different organisms and antimicrobial compounds.…”

Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanical Sensors as a Tool for Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

2020

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Nanomechanical biosensors refer to a subfamily of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) consisting of movable suspended microstructures able to convert biological processes into measurable mechanical motion. Owing to this, nanomechanical biosensors have become a promising technology in the way to detect and manage bacterial pathogens with improved effectiveness. The precise treatment of an infection relies on its early diagnosis; however, the current standard culture-based methods for bacteria detection and antibiotic susceptibility testing involve long protocols and are labor intensive. Thanks to its high sensitivity, fast response, and high throughput capability, nanomechanical technology holds great potential for overcoming some of the limitations of conventional methods. This review aims to provide a perspective on the diverse transducer structures, working principles, and detection strategies of nanomechanical sensors for bacteria detection and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Their performance in terms of sensitivity and operation time is compared with standard methods currently used in clinical microbiology laboratories. In addition, commercial systems already developed and challenges in the way of reaching real sensing application beyond the research environment are discussed.

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Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testingsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Antibiotic Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Sensors as a Tool for Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

2020

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“…Additional experiments consisting in blocking or activating molecular actors (processes) would permit to better understand the observed phenomena. The nanomotion signal is made of vibrations arising from many metabolically related sources that combine energy consumption with local movement or molecule redistributions (30). Cellular nanomotion could arise from processes such as DNA replication, DNA transcription, protein assembly, cytoskeleton rearrangement, ionic pumps activity, organelle transport, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single yeast cell nanomotions correlate with cellular activity

et al. 2020

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Living single yeast cells show a specific cellular motion at the nanometer scale with a magnitude that is proportional to the cellular activity of the cell. We characterized this cellular nanomotion pattern of nonattached single yeast cells using classical optical microscopy. The distribution of the cellular displacements over a short time period is distinct from random motion. The range and shape of such nanomotion displacement distributions change substantially according to the metabolic state of the cell. The analysis of the nanomotion frequency pattern demonstrated that single living yeast cells oscillate at relatively low frequencies of around 2 hertz. The simplicity of the technique should open the way to numerous applications among which antifungal susceptibility tests seem the most straightforward.

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“…However, meeting such unique demands in biological samples high in aqueous content requires a sophisticated, versatile, robust, and highly sensitive analytic platform. Within the current inventory of analytic tools, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged to satisfy most of the requirements described above, and therefore, much research into the biomechanics of microbes has relied on the use of AFM ( Amro et al., 2000 ; Longo et al., 2013 ; Kelley, 2017 ; Kohler et al., 2019 ). This mini-review provides a brief understanding of the technique of AFM and investigates its possible applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) As a Surface Mapping Tool in Microorganisms Resistant Toward Antimicrobials: A Mini-Review

et al. 2020

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The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses due to a plethora of reasons, such as genetic mutation and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, is a major challenge faced by the healthcare sector today. One of the issues at hand is to effectively screen and isolate resistant strains from sensitive ones. Utilizing the distinct nanomechanical properties (e.g., elasticity, intracellular turgor pressure, and Young’s modulus) of microbes can be an intriguing way to achieve this; while atomic force microscopy (AFM), with or without modification of the tips, presents an effective way to investigate such biophysical properties of microbial surfaces or an entire microbial cell. Additionally, advanced AFM instruments, apart from being compatible with aqueous environments—as often is the case for biological samples—can measure the adhesive forces acting between AFM tips/cantilevers (conjugated to bacterium/virion, substrates, and molecules) and target cells/surfaces to develop informative force-distance curves. Moreover, such force spectroscopies provide an idea of the nature of intercellular interactions (e.g., receptor-ligand) or propensity of microbes to aggregate into densely packed layers, that is, the formation of biofilms —a property of resistant strains (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ). This mini-review will revisit the use of single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) that are emerging as powerful additions to the arsenal of researchers in the struggle against resistant microbes, identify their strengths and weakness and, finally, prioritize some future directions for research.

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Nanomotion detection based on atomic force microscopy cantilevers

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

Nanomechanical Sensors as a Tool for Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Nanomechanical Sensors as a Tool for Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Single yeast cell nanomotions correlate with cellular activity

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) As a Surface Mapping Tool in Microorganisms Resistant Toward Antimicrobials: A Mini-Review

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