Nanomorphogenesis of template-induced crumpled polyamide nanofiltration membranes

Amphiphilic Interlayer Regulated Interfacial Polymerization for Constructing Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes with High Perm-Selectivity of Mono-/Divalent Salts

“…22 Due to the interaction between the monomers and the interlayer, the diffusion of the amine was limited to rapidly forming the highly cross-linked PA layer. 23 As is well-known, amphiphilic polymers, widely used in antibiofouling 24 and catalysis, 25 have the potential to be used in multiple functions, especially in interfacial property regulation. Inspired by this, we assume that if the construction of the interlayer incorporates unique amphiphilic functions, the IP process may be regulated to form the PA membranes with a reduced pore size and uniform distribution, which should be very beneficial for improving the selective performance while simultaneously maintaining the high permeability.…”

“…Levodopa (Ldopa), regarded as the primary component of the adhesive foot protein from mussels, undergoes self-polymerization in the presence of oxygen under weak alkaline conditions and at room temperature; the resulting polydopamine (PDA) exhibits outstanding adhesion and can be stably deposited on diverse substrates, even on inert glass plates. 23 Due to the abundant active groups present in PDA, it may serve as an appropriate platform for further modification to achieve our target of structural design. According to a previous report, additive surfactants with long alkane chains can reduce the interfacial tension and help facilitate the trans-interface transport behavior of reactive amine monomers, promoting the generation of uniform PA layers.…”

“…However, most of the reported PA membranes only have a single function with a hydrophilic interlayer for increasing amine storage at the interface, which is aimed to provide higher permeation but limited selectivity . Due to the interaction between the monomers and the interlayer, the diffusion of the amine was limited to rapidly forming the highly cross-linked PA layer . As is well-known, amphiphilic polymers, widely used in antibiofouling and catalysis, have the potential to be used in multiple functions, especially in interfacial property regulation.…”

“…The exploration of appropriate interlayer materials is vital to obtain a high perm-selectivity TFC membrane. Levodopa (L-dopa), regarded as the primary component of the adhesive foot protein from mussels, undergoes self-polymerization in the presence of oxygen under weak alkaline conditions and at room temperature; the resulting polydopamine (PDA) exhibits outstanding adhesion and can be stably deposited on diverse substrates, even on inert glass plates . Due to the abundant active groups present in PDA, it may serve as an appropriate platform for further modification to achieve our target of structural design.…”

Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere-Embedded Polyacrylonitrile Electrospun Composite Nanofiltration Membrane with Crumpled Structure and High Water Permeance

“…Although the IP process is formidable owing to the rapid reaction rates of amines and acid chloride monomers, it is reported that the composition of nanomaterials is feasible to affect the IP process and regulate the structure of the PA layer . By now, several nanomaterials including graphene, , MXene, , carbon nanotubes, , TiO 2 , covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and polymer nanomaterials , have been studied. For example, Sun et al constructed an in situ silicification interlayer on PAN nanofibers and found that the silica interlayer could enrich and control the release of PIP monomers, forming a crumpled ultrathin PA layer.…”