Nanomolar melatonin enhances nNOS expression and controls HaCaT‐cells bioenergetics

Arese, Marzia; Magnifico, Maria Chiara; Mastronicola, Daniela; Altieri, Fabio; Grillo, Caterina; Blanck, Thomas J. J.; Sarti, Paolo

doi:10.1002/iub.603

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In the present study, the peak of nNOS expression was observed around 10 a.m., that is, it occurred around seven hours after the peak of melatonin reported by the previous study on melatonin rhythm in pigeons conducted in our laboratory [53]. So, these results are consistent with the findings on the temporal expression of nNOS mRNA in in vitro study with human cells [50]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These findings indicate that the SCN can indirectly modulate Ca 2+ stimulated adenylyl ciclase in the hippocampus during the circadian cycle by controlling the release of melatonin from the pineal gland, which is a major efferent pathway of the biological timing system [47]. The expression and activity of both nNOS and iNOS proteins may be dependent on circadian timing system and according to recent evidence melatonin may be involved in the regulation of these mechanisms [48-50]. A transient but substantial rise of the constitutive nNOS was observed when cultured cells were incubated during 6 hours with 1 nM melatonin volume [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression and activity of both nNOS and iNOS proteins may be dependent on circadian timing system and according to recent evidence melatonin may be involved in the regulation of these mechanisms [48-50]. A transient but substantial rise of the constitutive nNOS was observed when cultured cells were incubated during 6 hours with 1 nM melatonin volume [50]. On the other hand, high plasmatic melatonin concentration was shown to inhibit the expression of both nNOS and iNOS [48,49,51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Daily cycling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the hippocampus of pigeons (C. livia)

Machado-Nils

Faria

Vieira

et al. 2013

J Circadian Rhythms

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BackgroundNitric oxide synthase (NOS) is essential for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a non-conventional neurotransmitter with an important role in synaptic plasticity underlying processes of hippocampus-dependent memory and in the regulation of biological clocks and circadian rhythms. Many studies have shown that both the NOS cytosolic protein content and its enzymatic activity present a circadian variation in different regions of the rodent brain, including the hippocampus. The present study investigated the daily variation of NOS enzymatic activity and the cytosolic content of nNOS in the hippocampus of pigeons.ResultsAdult pigeons kept under a skeleton photoperiod were assigned to six different groups. Homogenates of the hippocampus obtained at six different times-of-day were used for NOS analyses. Both iNOS activity and nNOS cytosolic protein concentrations were highest during the subjective light phase and lowest in the subjective dark phase of the circadian period. ANOVA showed significant time differences for iNOS enzymatic activity (p < 0.05) and for nNOS protein content (p < 0.05) in the hippocampus. A significant daily rhythm for both iNOS and nNOS was confirmed by analysis with the Cosinor method (p < 0.05). The present findings indicate that the enzymatic activity of iNOS and content of nNOS protein in the hippocampus of pigeons exhibit a daily rhythm, with acrophase values occurring during the behavioral activity phase.ConclusionsThe data corroborate the reports on circadian variation of NOS in the mammalian hippocampus and can be considered indicative of a dynamic interaction between hippocampus-dependent processes and circadian clock mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Daily cycling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the hippocampus of pigeons (C. livia)

Machado-Nils

Faria

Vieira

et al. 2013

J Circadian Rhythms

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“…Noticeably, in the presence of enough O 2 (5 ÷ 20 μ M) and a suitable electron flux through the respiratory chain sustained by the mitochondrial substrates and reduced cytochrome c , the presence of nanomolar NO does not depress (significantly) cell respiration. Interestingly, from the bioenergetics signaling point of view, under these conditions, the apparent affinity for O 2 ( K M , O2 ) of cytochrome c oxidase (CcOX) rises [55], and the mitochondria become sensitive to the O 2 concentration, thus ready to shift to glycolytic production of ATP [56, 57]. Under persistent hypoxic conditions, when the mitochondrial respiratory chain experiences for longer times a too low (insufficient) O 2 concentration, a different landscape could be depicted.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Toxicity and Molecular Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Cocaine: Biomarkers and Possible Beneficial Effects of Modulators of Oxidative Stress

Graziani

Sarti

Arese

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Cocaine abuse has long been known to cause morbidity and mortality due to its cardiovascular toxic effects. The pathogenesis of the cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine use has been largely reviewed, and the most recent data indicate a fundamental role of oxidative stress in cocaine-induced cardiovascular toxicity, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanisms of oxidative stress. The comprehension of the mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction could help in selecting the most appropriate mitochondria injury biological marker, such as superoxide dismutase-2 activity and glutathionylated hemoglobin. The potential use of modulators of oxidative stress (mitoubiquinone, the short-chain quinone idebenone, and allopurinol) in the treatment of cocaine cardiotoxic effects is also suggested to promote further investigations on these potential mitochondria-targeted antioxidant strategies.

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“…However, these effects are sometimes conditional or tissue-specific. While melatonin is known to antagonize the activation of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in the central nervous system, it was shown to up-regulate nNOS expression in HaCaT keratinocytes [130,131]. The quantities of NO formed were sufficient to decrease mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative phosphorylation and may serve as a signal connecting the circadian system to mitochondrial function [131].…”

Section: Epigenetics Of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Vs Antimentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin, Noncoding RNAs, Messenger RNA Stability and Epigenetics—Evidence, Hints, Gaps and Perspectives

Hardeland

2014

IJMS

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Melatonin is a highly pleiotropic regulator molecule, which influences numerous functions in almost every organ and, thus, up- or down-regulates many genes, frequently in a circadian manner. Our understanding of the mechanisms controlling gene expression is actually now expanding to a previously unforeseen extent. In addition to classic actions of transcription factors, gene expression is induced, suppressed or modulated by a number of RNAs and proteins, such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, piRNAs, antisense transcripts, deadenylases, DNA methyltransferases, histone methylation complexes, histone demethylases, histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases. Direct or indirect evidence for involvement of melatonin in this network of players has originated in different fields, including studies on central and peripheral circadian oscillators, shift work, cancer, inflammation, oxidative stress, aging, energy expenditure/obesity, diabetes type 2, neuropsychiatric disorders, and neurogenesis. Some of the novel modulators have also been shown to participate in the control of melatonin biosynthesis and melatonin receptor expression. Future work will need to augment the body of evidence on direct epigenetic actions of melatonin and to systematically investigate its role within the network of oscillating epigenetic factors. Moreover, it will be necessary to discriminate between effects observed under conditions of well-operating and deregulated circadian clocks, and to explore the possibilities of correcting epigenetic malprogramming by melatonin.

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Nanomolar melatonin enhances nNOS expression and controls HaCaT‐cells bioenergetics

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

Daily cycling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the hippocampus of pigeons (C. livia)

Daily cycling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the hippocampus of pigeons (C. livia)

Cardiovascular Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Cocaine: Biomarkers and Possible Beneficial Effects of Modulators of Oxidative Stress

Melatonin, Noncoding RNAs, Messenger RNA Stability and Epigenetics—Evidence, Hints, Gaps and Perspectives

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