Nanometer-Sized Bi Particles in Aqueous Solution:  Absorption Spectrum and Some Chemical Properties

Abstract

Nanometer-sized particles of bismuth are formed by the radiolytic reduction of aqueous solutions of bismuth perchlorate, the size and shape of the particles depending on the nature of the stabilizer. Well-facetted particle shapes (mean diameter: 20 nm) are observed with 2 × 10 -4 M polyethyleneimine or 1 × 10 -3 M polyacrylamide-10 (10% carboxyl groups) as stabilizer, whereas particles of less regular shape (mean diameter: 8 nm) are obtained with 1 × 10 -3 M polyacrylamide-70 (70% carboxyl groups). The reduction of Bi(III) by 1-hydroxy ethyl methyl radicals, (CH 3 ) 2 COH, is accompanied by H 2 production, the bismuth particles formed serving as a catalyst. The absorption spectrum of colloidal bismuth has a weak maximum at 253 nm, which is not rendered by the spectrum calculated from the (rather scarce) dielectric data of Bi. Radiolysis experiments for the preparation of composite metal particles are also reported. The reduction of Cd 2+ ions by organic radicals is catalyzed by Bi particles and leads to a cadmium shell. Reduction of Bi(III) in the presence of colloidal silver leads to a blue-shift of the silver plasmon absorption band, which is explained by a deposition of bismuth on the silver particles.

Single-Step Synthesis and Surface Plasmons of Bismuth-Coated Spherical to Hexagonal Silver Nanoparticles in Dichroic Ag:Bismuth Glass Nanocomposites

“…Therefore, it is clear from the standard reduction potential (E o ) data that the reduction to metallic silver nanoparticles is faster than that of bismuth and finally silver NPs being coated by the bismuth thick layers. These Table 1 for composition) types of coating by deposition of one metal layer on the other metal nanoparticles are also reported in the literature [27][28][29]. The similar observation has also been reported by Gutiérrez et al [27] where bismuth was reduced and deposited on the silver NPs.…”

“…These Table 1 for composition) types of coating by deposition of one metal layer on the other metal nanoparticles are also reported in the literature [27][28][29]. The similar observation has also been reported by Gutiérrez et al [27] where bismuth was reduced and deposited on the silver NPs. Likewise, Katsikas et al [28] have reported for silver and mercury.…”

Infrared luminescence and amplification properties of Bi-doped GeO2−Ga2O3−Al2O3 glasses

“…The band edge absorption in the GGAB sample is very similar to the absorption bands of colloid Bi nanoparticles acquired by experiment and calculation. 23,24 This kind of narrow absorption edge might also be related to the charge transfer between Bi 3+ and Bi 5+ ions which was observed in the Bi mixed-valence oxides. 25 The imposed discrete peaks, which might be attributed to the isolated centers, are entirely different from the reported Bi 3+ ͑with maximum at 250 nm͒ and Bi 2+ ͑peaked around 500 nm͒ centers.…”

Spectroscopic Investigations on Polyvinyl Alcohol Film with Complex of Terbium Ions along with Bismuth Nanoparticles for Improved Green Emission

“…On ablation of the bismuth target for 40 min, the peak at 267 nm is observed to diminish, and the intensity of the peak at 283 nm started increasing, which indicates that the Bi 3+ ions are reduced completely to bismuth NPs [9,17,40,41] Also, it is observed that the NPs get agglomerated giving bigger-sized NPs on ablation for a longer period and, hence, absorption at a longer wavelength. Gutierrez and Henglein [14] reported that nanometer-sized bismuth particles exhibited an absorption at ∼253 nm, and according to Creighton and Desmond [6], the irst absorption band of 10 nm bismuth particles should appear around 270-280 nm. Polyvinylpyrroldone-stabilized bismuth NPs have been synthesized by Wang et al [41] with an absorption peak at 281 nm.…”