Nanometer scale multilayered hard coatings

Yashar, P.; Sproul, William D.

doi:10.1016/s0042-207x(99)00148-7

Cited by 417 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This shows that no direct correlation can be drawn between the micro-hardness properties and the sublayer inter-diffusion phenomena. Such a tendency was previously confirmed on TiN/NbN superlattices by Yashar and Sproul [7] and by other authors [8,9] for different carbide and nitride PVD deposited superlattice coatings. Anderson and co-authors also observed a similar micro-hardness evolution for metallic structure like Cu/Ni multilayers [10].…”

Section: Layered Structuresupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Another limitation of this technique is the non-direct correlation between sputtering time and the absolute position through the coating. Decreasing the modulation parameter tends to increase the hardness [7], which becomes higher that of the vanadium carbide for a modulation value lower than 2µm. This monotonic evolution is nevertheless observed until a critical value around λc= 50 nm that corresponds to maximum micro hardness.…”

Section: Layered Structurementioning

confidence: 98%

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Fretting wear analysis of TiC/VC multilayered hard coatings: experiments and modelling approaches

Fouvry¹,

Wendler

Liskiewicz

et al. 2004

Wear

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: TiC-VC multilayered hard coating were obtained using an original two step hard coating process. Xray analysis, micro-hardness measurements and GDMS's chemical profiles have been conducted to characterise, respectively, crystallography, hardness and multilayer structure as a function of the sub-layer thickness. It shows that although well TiC and VC carbide textures are maintained, a decrease of the sublayer thickness promotes inter-diffusion phenomena which progressively erase the alternated structure. The micro-hardness variation as a function of sublayer thickness displays a parabolic evolution with maximum hardness for a critical thickness around 50 nm. Consistent with the dislocation moving force theories, these results confirm that the micro-hardness evolution is function of the carbide grain size. Wear and friction properties have been studied under gross slip fretting conditions. A "composite" wear model, which considers the diffusion inter-layer, has been developed. Unlike classical rules of mixtures, the modulation dependence of wear and friction is here considered. Reliable wear rates as a function the modulation thickness can be predicted. The friction evolution is less easily predicted due to the smoothing effect of third body. Finally, the opposite evolution between wear resistance and micro-hardness is discussed, outlining the necessity of avoiding any direct prediction of a given tribological response from a plain micro-hardness measurement.

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Section: Layered Structuresupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Layered Structurementioning

confidence: 98%

Fretting wear analysis of TiC/VC multilayered hard coatings: experiments and modelling approaches

Fouvry¹,

Wendler

Liskiewicz

et al. 2004

Wear

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“…Soon after the first commercial application of single layer hard coatings for enhanced wear protection it was recognised that appropriately selected thin film materials can be combined as a multilayer system, leading to coating properties and performances significantly exceeding those of either constituent. Since then, the systematic selection of material combinations, the specific design of the multilayer architecture (e. g. individual layer thickness, interface constitution), the understanding of growth conditions, and the correlation between microstructure and properties are subject to intensive research in the field of multilayer wear resistant thin films [1,2,3,4]. Beyond the approach of improving the coating performance with respect to their passive functionality, studies were published focussing on the design of films which would be able to adapt their actual functionality in response to external influences as, for instance, environmental changes or mechanical load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxially stabilized TiN/(Ti,Fe,Co)N multilayer thin films in (pseudo-)fcc crystal structure by sequential magnetron sputter deposition

Klever¹,

Seemann²,

Stüber³

et al. 2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Multilayer thin films were grown by non-reactive sequential magnetron sputter deposition from ceramic TiN and metallic FeCo targets addressing a combination of wear resistance and sensoric functionality. Coatings with bilayer period values ranging from 449 nm down to 2.6 nm were grown with the total amount of either material maintained constant. The multilayer thin films were post-annealed ex-situ at 600 C for 60 min in vacuum.X-ray diffraction results imply the multilayer thin films to undergo significant changes in its crystalline structure when the bilayer period is decreased. By using high resolution transmission electron microscopy as well as selected area electron diffraction it is shown that in case of multilayer thin films with bilayer periods of several ten nanometers and higher FeCo layers and TiN layers in their respective common CsCl and NaCl type crystal structures alternate. In contrast, in the multilayer thin films with bilayer periods of only a few nanometers, grain growth across the interfaces between the individual layers takes place and a strongly textured microstructure is formed which features columns in pseudo-fcc crystal structure grown in heteroeptaxial growth mode.It is suggested that the experimental findings imply the latter multilayer thin films to be alternately composed of TiN layers and (Ti,Fe,Co)N solid solution layers which have been formed by solid state reaction during the deposition process. As the consequence, epitaxially stabilised columnar grains in strongly textured pseudo-fcc structure are formed. This structure is preserved after the annealing procedure which qualifies these coatings for use in applications where temperatures of up to 600 C are reached.Confidential: not for distribution.

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“…Sputter-coatings are effective in improving the surface properties of metallic materials, including wear resistance, anti-corrosion properties and oxidation resistance. [5][6][7] Ti is a good biocompatible material and has good corrosion resistance even in Cl À -containing solutions. It is expected that Ti-containing coating can improve the corrosion resistance and apatiteforming ability of Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd BMG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Hydroxyapatite on Ti-Coated Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd Bulk Metallic Glass

et al. 2009

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In this research, Ti coating was conducted on Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 bulk metallic glass (BMG) in order to increase the formation rate of hydroxyapatite layer. The formation behavior of bone-like hydroxyapatite on Ti-coated and uncoated Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) was studied. The surface morphology of Ti-coated and uncoated Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 BMG was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results revealed that the alkali pretreatment in 5 M NaOH solution at 60 C for 24 h had a beneficial effect on the formation of porous sodium titanate on Ti-coated Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 BMG. A bone-like hydroxyapatite layer was able to form on the alkali-treated Ti-coated Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 BMG after a short-time immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). On the contrary, hydroxyapatite formation was not observed on the uncoated Ti 40 Zr 10 Cu 36 Pd 14 BMG after the same chemical treatments.

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Nanometer scale multilayered hard coatings

Cited by 417 publications

References 55 publications

Fretting wear analysis of TiC/VC multilayered hard coatings: experiments and modelling approaches

Fretting wear analysis of TiC/VC multilayered hard coatings: experiments and modelling approaches

Epitaxially stabilized TiN/(Ti,Fe,Co)N multilayer thin films in (pseudo-)fcc crystal structure by sequential magnetron sputter deposition

Formation of Hydroxyapatite on Ti-Coated Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd Bulk Metallic Glass

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