Nanomedicine applications in orthopedic medicine: state of the art

Mazaheri, Mehdi; Eslahi, Niloofar; Ordikhani, Farideh; Tamjid, Elnaz; Simchi, A.

doi:10.2147/ijn.s73737

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“… 5 – 7 The development of nanotechnologies during the last ten years has had a positive impact on several applications in a plethora of fields viz., nanomedicine 8 , 9 for magnetic hyperthermia, 10 , 11 cancer 12 , 13 and orthopedics. 14 Nanotheranostics, 15 which combine both therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities at the nanoscale, have broadened the perspectives of personalized medicine. 16 , 17 Other targeted applications in the field of nanomedicine have also been investigated, such as photodiagnostic and photothermal anticancer therapy (PTT) using platinum nanoparticles 18 or gold nanoparticles, 19 – 21 as well as nano-loaded stem cell delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Assessing Cobalt Metal Nanoparticles Uptake by Cancer Cells Using Live Raman Spectroscopy</p>

Rauwel¹,

Al-Arag²,

Salehi³

et al. 2020

IJN

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Nanotechnology applied to cancer treatment is a growing area of research in nanomedicine with magnetic nanoparticle-mediated anti-cancer drug delivery systems offering least possible side effects. To that end, both structural and chemical properties of commercial cobalt metal nanoparticles were studied using label-free confocal Raman spectroscopy. Materials and Methods: Crystal structure and morphology of cobalt nanoparticles were studied by XRD and TEM. Magnetic properties were studied with SQUID and PPMS. Confocal Raman microscopy has high spatial resolution and compositional sensitivity. It, therefore, serves as a label-free tool to trace nanoparticles within cells and investigate the interaction between coating-free cobalt metal nanoparticles and cancer cells. The toxicity of cobalt nanoparticles against human cells was assessed by MTT assay. Results: Superparamagnetic Co metal nanoparticle uptake by MCF7 and HCT116 cancer cells and DPSC mesenchymal stem cells was investigated by confocal Raman microscopy. The Raman nanoparticle signature also allowed accurate detection of the nanoparticle within the cell without labelling. A rapid uptake of the cobalt nanoparticles followed by rapid apoptosis was observed. Their low cytotoxicity, assessed by means of MTT assay against human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, makes them promising candidates for the development of targeted therapies. Moreover, under a laser irradiation of 20mW with a wavelength of 532nm, it is possible to bring about local heating leading to combustion of the cobalt metal nanoparticles within cells, whereupon opening new routes for cancer phototherapy. Conclusion: Label-free confocal Raman spectroscopy enables accurately localizing the Co metal nanoparticles in cellular environments. The interaction between the surfactant-free cobalt metal nanoparticles and cancer cells was investigated. The facile endocytosis in cancer cells shows that these nanoparticles have potential in engendering their apoptosis. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility and relevance of cobalt nanomaterials for applications in nanomedicine such as phototherapy, hyperthermia or stem cell delivery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Assessing Cobalt Metal Nanoparticles Uptake by Cancer Cells Using Live Raman Spectroscopy</p>

Rauwel¹,

Al-Arag²,

Salehi³

et al. 2020

IJN

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“…Indeed, a negative influence of NPs on eukaryotic cells like osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells might result in an impairment in the implant integration in the absence of a bacterial infection. Fortunately, nowadays, nanotechnology offers novel materials able to support the host tissue function, favoring osteoblast attachment, proliferation, and synthesis of the extracellular matrix and enabling the osseointegration of the implant [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Precautionary Approach to Guide the Use of Transition Metal-Based Nanotechnology to Prevent Orthopedic Infections

et al. 2019

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The increase of multidrug-resistant bacteria remains a global concern. Among the proposed strategies, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) alone or associated with orthopedic implants represents a promising solution. NPs are well-known for their antimicrobial effects, induced by their size, shape, charge, concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, this non-specific cytotoxic potential is a powerful weapon effective against almost all microorganisms, but also against eukaryotic cells, raising concerns related to their safe use. Among the analyzed transition metals, silver is the most investigated element due to its antimicrobial properties per se or as NPs; however, its toxicity raises questions about its biosafety. Even though it has milder antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity, TiO2 needs to be exposed to UV light to be activated, thus limiting its use conjugated to orthopedic devices. By contrast, gold has a good balance between antimicrobial activity as an NP and cytocompatibility because of its inability to generate ROS. Nevertheless, although the toxicity and persistence of NPs within filter organs are not well verified, nowadays, several basic research on NP development and potential uses as antimicrobial weapons is reported, overemphasizing NPs potentialities, but without any existing potential of translation in clinics. This analysis cautions readers with respect to regulation in advancing the development and use of NPs. Hopefully, future works in vivo and clinical trials will support and regulate the use of nano-coatings to guarantee safer use of this promising approach against antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.

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“…However, minimal data is available regarding the AST induced effects on photoreceptor apoptosis of RD. In the past decades, nanotechnology has earned a lot of research interests from the field of drug design and delivery (Mazaheri et al., 2015; Lloyd-Parry et al., 2018). Nanotechnology has been applied to enhance the bioavailability of these nature molecules with therapeutic potentials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized nonionic emulsifier for the efficient delivery of astaxanthin nanodispersions to retina: in vivo and ex vivo evaluations

Sun

et al. 2019

Drug Delivery

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Astaxanthin (AST) is a naturally occurring carotenoid with potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory potency against chronic diseases. In this study, we suspended AST in different nonionic emulsifiers to produce nanodispersions. The basic physicochemical properties of the produced AST nanodispersions were verified to select the optimized nonionic emulsifier. Among the tested emulsifiers, Polysorbate 20 produced the AST nanoemulsions with smaller particle diameters, narrower size distributions, and higher AST contents among these emulsifiers. The N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) administered mouse is a chemically induced retinal degeneration (RD) model with rapid progress rate. AST suspended in Polysorbate 20 was demonstrated to ameliorate the dramatic consequences of MNU on retina architectures and function in several different tests encompassing from electrophysiology to histology and molecular tests. Furthermore, the multi-electrodes array (MEA) was used to detect the firing activities of retinal ganglion cells within the inner retinal circuits. We found that AST nanodispersions could restrain the spontaneous firing response, enhance the light induced firing response, and preserve the basic configurations of visual signal pathway in degenerative retinas. The MEA assay provided an appropriate example to evaluate the potency of pharmacological compounds on retinal plasticity. In summary, emulsifier type affects the basic physicochemical characteristic of AST nanodispersions. Polysorbate 20 acts as an optimized nonionic emulsifier for the efficient delivery of AST nanodispersions to retina. AST nanodispersions can alleviate the photoreceptor loss and rectify the abnormities in visual signal transmission.

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Nanomedicine applications in orthopedic medicine: state of the art

Cited by 28 publications

References 143 publications

<p>Assessing Cobalt Metal Nanoparticles Uptake by Cancer Cells Using Live Raman Spectroscopy</p>

<p>Assessing Cobalt Metal Nanoparticles Uptake by Cancer Cells Using Live Raman Spectroscopy</p>

A Precautionary Approach to Guide the Use of Transition Metal-Based Nanotechnology to Prevent Orthopedic Infections

Optimized nonionic emulsifier for the efficient delivery of astaxanthin nanodispersions to retina: in vivo and ex vivo evaluations

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