Nanomedicine and its potential in diabetes research and practice

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are between 1 nm and 100 nm in size. Objectives: Different concentrations of AgNPs were tested in this research to examine antifungal activity on Fusarium oxysporum. Methods: Antifungal activity of AgNPs on basis of colony formation was evaluated by in vitro Petri dish measurement. Results: Different concentrations of AgNPs inhibit colony formation of F. oxysporum at different levels. As concentration of AgNPs was increased, there was a decrease in colony formation. Silver nanoparticles at the highest concentration (5000 ppm) did not fully inhibit F. oxysporum colony formation. Silver nanoparticles (5000 ppm) and colonize F. oxysporum to decrease to 35% after one hour of exposure, 27% after three hours of exposure, and 24% after five hours of exposure. The antifungal activity of AgNPs to the reduce colony formation was apparent within one hour. The spore extended time exposure to AgNPs from one to five hours significantly reduced colony formation.

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“…Targeting high-cargo density and concentration of nanoparticles may provide a specific target site and has the least side effects (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on Fusarium oxysporum

Abkhoo

Panjehkeh

2016

Int J Infect

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“…Nanotechnology for medical applications has been a topic of much scientific interest for several decades due to its potential to address existing challenges in patient treatment 1,2 . In particular, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as components in the design of targeted drug delivery has been an exciting concept.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using single nanoparticle tracking obtained by nanophotonic force microscopy to simultaneously characterize nanoparticle size distribution and nanoparticle–surface interactions

Hristov

Araújo

et al. 2017

Nanoscale

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Comprehensive characterization of nanomaterials for medical applications is a challenging and complex task due to the multitude of parameters which need to be taken into consideration in a broad range of conditions. Routine methods such as dynamic light scattering or nanoparticle tracking analysis provide some insight into the physicochemical properties of particle dispersions. For nanomedicine applications the information they supply can be of limited use. For this reason, there is a need for new methodologies and instruments that can provide additional data on nanoparticle properties such as their interactions with surfaces. Nanophotonic force microscopy has been shown as a viable method for measuring the force between surfaces and individual particles in the nano-size range. Here we outline a further application of this technique to measure the size of single particles and based on these measurement build the distribution of a sample. We demonstrate its efficacy by comparing the size distribution obtained with nanophotonic force microscopy to established instruments, such as dynamic light scattering and differential centrifugal sedimentation. Our results were in good agreement to those observed with all other instruments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the methodology developed in this work can be used to study complex particle mixtures and the surface alteration of materials. For all cases studied, we were able to obtain both the size and the interaction potential of the particles with a surface in a single measurement. IntroductionNanotechnology for medical applications has been a topic of much scientific interest for several decades due to its potential to address existing challenges in patient treatment 1,2 . In particular, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as components in the design of targeted drug delivery has been an exciting concept. The field is now facing serious challenges partly due to the reduced circulation lifetime of NPs compared to more conventional approaches [3][4][5] . One of the main obstacles is that as NPs enter into living organisms they adsorb biomolecules forming a layer, known as the biomolecular corona. The NPbiomolecular complex has been shown to have a strong correlation with the "identity" of the materials and determine their biodistribution [6][7][8] . Mechanistic details of the interaction between this complex and cell/tissue surfaces in the body remain unclear, in part due to the lack of reliable methods to measure the physicochemical properties of materials in real exposure conditions. This includes, but is not limited to, accurate size of the particle-protein complex, NP-surface interaction at different conditions and the diffusivity of NPs close to a surface. Such information combined with other advanced characterization methods to study the accessible epitopes on the biomolecular corona could help elucidate the interaction mechanisms between NPs and the cell surface. The most commonly property used to characterize a NP dispersion is its size distribution. For biological ...

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“…This is achieved by epoxysilane, aminosilane, nitrocellulose, or polylysine. Afterward, the attached biological molecules can be fixed via Layer-by-layer deposition using coatings of charged polymer [41]. Instead, 3-dimensional lattices (xerogel/ hydrogel) can be employed to entrap these biological agents by chemical/physical method.…”

Section: Surface Attachment Of Biological Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Applications of Biosensors in Novel Technology

Rajpoot¹

2017

Biosens J

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In recent time, several novel biosensors such as enzyme based, immunosensors, tissue-based, DNA biosensors, piezoelectric, and thermal biosensors have been explored with high sensitivity by many research groups. These biosensors exhibit many essential benefits, including operational simplicity, remarkable sensitivity, low-cost instrumentation, the potential of automation, inherent miniaturization. They have offered elegant paths for the detection of even trace amounts of analytical agents of biological significance existing from macromolecules (e.g., disease biomarkers and antigens) and small molecules (e.g., natural toxins and haptens) to cells, viruses, and bacteria. Many electrochemical techniques viz., amperometry and voltammetry, photoelectrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence, impedance, piezoelectricity, potentiometry, alternating current electrohydrodynamics, and field-effect transistor have been utilized in the development of immunoassays to attain high sensitivity for electrochemical signal transduction. Recent developments in biological methods and instrumentation after using fluorescence tag to various nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, etc. have improved the sensitivity of biosensors. Utilization of nucleotides/aptamers, affibodies, molecule imprinted polymers, and peptide arrays offer great tools to prepare advanced biosensors. Merging of nanotechnology with biosensor systems enhanced the diagnostic capability. This review gives an outline of the advances in biosensors technology relating biomedical sciences.

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Nanomedicine and its potential in diabetes research and practice

Cited by 114 publications

References 56 publications

Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on Fusarium oxysporum

Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on Fusarium oxysporum

Using single nanoparticle tracking obtained by nanophotonic force microscopy to simultaneously characterize nanoparticle size distribution and nanoparticle–surface interactions

Recent Advances and Applications of Biosensors in Novel Technology

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