“…Liu et al (2004) asserted that oxide coatings synthesized by anodization in the dielectric rupture regime have high hardness, adhesion, strength, and wear resistance. Indeed, the coatings produced here presented superior tribological performance than that from alkaline heat treatment (AHT) (de Souza et al, 2010b), which is a well-known effective method to promote bioactivity on Ti surfaces (Kokubo et al, 2003;Nishiguchi et al, 1999Nishiguchi et al, , 2001Takadama et al, 2001). In the AHT, the critical load for scratch tests was determined as 5.5 mN, whereas for these Ca-P anodic layers it was 220-280 mN.…”