Nanomaterials-based treatment options for chromium in aqueous environments

Inorganic nanoparticles for reduction of hexavalent chromium: Physicochemical aspects

“…Various reviews on removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous medium are available in literature but present review is totally different from already published reviews ( Barrera-Díaz et al, 2012 ; Cheung and Gu, 2007 ; Jobby et al, 2018 ; Miretzky and Cirelli, 2010 ; Maitlo et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2016 ). For example, Cheung and Gu (2007) presented an overview of mechanism of Cr(VI) detoxification by microorganisms and concluded that microorganisms may convert Cr(VI) to Cr(III).…”

“… Barrera-Díaz et al (2012) have reviewed reduction of Cr(VI) by biological and electrochemical methods. Maitlo et al (2019) have recently reviewed adsorptive potential of various types of nanomaterials for treatment of wastewater contaminated with Cr(VI) in term of their adsorption capacity, removal efficacy and partition coefficient. Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) within the metal-organic framework has been reviewed by Wang et al (2016) .…”

Electrocoagulation Based Chromium Removal Efficiency Classification Using Logistic Regression

“…However, Coagulation increased the concentration of dissolved solids above the recommended recommendation for drinking water. Another article [19] described the potential role of various functional nano-materials in the treatment of (Cr) in an aqueous medium with regard to the key value of merits, such as the adsorption capacity, the elimination efficiency and the coefficient of sharing. The objective of this study is to determine the most effective and economical options for controlling (Cr) in the aquatic environment.…”

Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Groundwater—A Low-Tech Approach

“…However, most of the established treatment options are incapable of efficiently reducing the chromium concentrations to permissible levels. Additionally, most conventional treatment systems require secondary treatments before discharging effluents, making the process uneconomical [21]. Ion exchange and membrane filtration are the most frequently studied and widely applied for the treatment of metal-contaminated wastewater, but have a high operational cost.…”

“…Diverse functional nanomaterials (NMs, e.g., iron/iron oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanostructures, metal organic frameworks, and their commercial counterparts) have been studied in the treatment of Cr in aqueous environments, in relation to the adsorption capacity, removal efficiency, and partition coefficient. In addition, their performance was compared with the most common treatment options [21]. Considerable research efforts have been devoted in recent years to the synthesis of novel nanomaterials for the effective removal of Cr(VI) from waters, predominantly via adsorption, using chemically stable, energy effective, and recyclable nanomaterials with reduced operating and processing costs [21].…”