Nanomaterials‐Based Surface Protein Imprinted Polymers: Synthesis and Medical Applications

Abstract

Proteins are an essential part of organisms and play a very important role in life activities. Molecular imprinting technology (MIT) can prepare functional materials with specific identification abilities. In recent years, various molecularly imprinted materials have been widely used in the fields of solid‐phase extraction, bionic sensing, and on‐line analysis. Due to the limit of the properties of protein macromolecules, the development of MIT for protein molecules is relatively slow. With the continuous deepening on the research of nanomaterials and surface molecular imprinting technology, a large numbers of interesting and successful strategies appear on imprinted protein. Some surface protein imprinting materials with excellent properties and unique functions are applied in proteomics, biological imaging, medical diagnosis, and other fields, showing great potential application value. This paper summarizes the latest preparation and analysis strategies of surface protein imprinting based on nanomaterials, introduces medical application of protein imprinting materials in sample separation and purification, proteomics, biomedical and other aspects in recent years, and looks forward to the development opportunities and challenges in protein imprinting field.

Recent advances in protein-imprinted polymers: synthesis, applications and challenges

“…Normally, surface-imprinted polymers were formed by synthesizing a thin polymer on the surface of a substrate with recognition ability toward proteins, followed by the construction of separation, sensor and diagnosis platforms. 31,[56][57][58] However, unlike the whole proteins imprinted by bulk imprinting, the number of proteins imprinted by surface imprinting was relatively low, which leads to a decrease in binding sites. Meanwhile, the substrate used in surface imprinting often possesses a small surface-to-volume ratio.…”

Rapid Separation of Human Hemoglobin on a Large Scale From Non-clarified Bacterial Cell Homogenates Using Molecularly Imprinted Composite Cryogels

“…The MIP technique involves the polymerization of functional monomers around a target molecule. When the reaction was completed, the target is removed and leaves behind an artificial site with specific interaction toward the adsorbate (Pan et al, 2021). Forming MIP composite cryogel directly on the surface of the network was reported by our group earlier (Hajizadeh et al, 2018).…”

Bio‐Inspired Imprinting Materials for Biomedical Applications

“…Some other continuous phases like liquid perfluorocarbon and mineral oil have been developed to avoid multi‐step swelling process caused by water. [ 89 , 90 ] Such mediums possess stable chemical inertness, which are immiscible with varieties of organic solvents and MIP reagents. On the contrary, porogens including chloroform, dichloromethane, and toluene are both miscible with the above mediums to form porous structures well during polymerization.…”