“…Importantly, collagen sponges are already used in clinical practice for bone regeneration, so incorporation of this nanosilicate/growth factor system into a pre-established material could expedite clinical translation. Moreover, nanosilicates can also be combined with various ranges of natural and synthetic polymeric hydrogel systems including gelatin, 19,51 kappa carrageenan, 36,52 and poly(ethylene oxide) 53 for sustained and prolonged delivery of therapeutic proteins. These nanocomposite systems have been investigated for both injectable systems 54 and 3D printed constructs.…”
We present a nanoengineered system for sustained and prolonged delivery of protein therapeutics, which has the potential to impact current orthopedic regeneration strategies. Specifically, we introduce two-dimensional nanosilicates with a high surface area and charged characteristics for delivery of active proteins for more than 30 days. The nanosilicates show high binding efficacy without altering the protein conformation and bioactivity. The released proteins are able to maintain high activity as demonstrated by enhanced differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells at 10-fold lower concentration compared to the exogenous control. Utilizing the nanosilicates as a delivery vehicle could minimize the negative side effects observed because of the use of supraphysiological dosages of protein therapeutics for orthopedic regeneration strategies.
“…Importantly, collagen sponges are already used in clinical practice for bone regeneration, so incorporation of this nanosilicate/growth factor system into a pre-established material could expedite clinical translation. Moreover, nanosilicates can also be combined with various ranges of natural and synthetic polymeric hydrogel systems including gelatin, 19,51 kappa carrageenan, 36,52 and poly(ethylene oxide) 53 for sustained and prolonged delivery of therapeutic proteins. These nanocomposite systems have been investigated for both injectable systems 54 and 3D printed constructs.…”
We present a nanoengineered system for sustained and prolonged delivery of protein therapeutics, which has the potential to impact current orthopedic regeneration strategies. Specifically, we introduce two-dimensional nanosilicates with a high surface area and charged characteristics for delivery of active proteins for more than 30 days. The nanosilicates show high binding efficacy without altering the protein conformation and bioactivity. The released proteins are able to maintain high activity as demonstrated by enhanced differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells at 10-fold lower concentration compared to the exogenous control. Utilizing the nanosilicates as a delivery vehicle could minimize the negative side effects observed because of the use of supraphysiological dosages of protein therapeutics for orthopedic regeneration strategies.
“…An injectable GelMA hydrogel loaded with the transfective NPs was developed and injected into the hearts of infarcted rats. 131 Animals that received this treatment showed significantly higher capillary densities and significantly smaller scar sizes when compared to animals treated with gels loaded with VEGF-DNA (without GO nanoplatelets) or to untreated controls.…”
Section: Micro-and Nanotechnologies For Therapeutic Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…129 Another front in the application of nanotechnology for tissue engineering is the use of NPs as vehicles to deliver genes for tissue reprograming or repair. 130,131 Zhu et al used hollow mesoporous organosilica NPs functionalized with branched polyethylenimine (PEI) to transfect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) with a hepatocyte growth factor gene. 130 Transfected BMMSCs were then implanted into an infarcted rat model.…”
Section: Micro-and Nanotechnologies For Therapeutic Applicationsmentioning
We discuss the state of the art and innovative micro- and nanoscale technologies that are finding niches and opening up new opportunities in medicine, particularly in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. We take the design of point-of-care applications and the capture of circulating tumor cells as illustrative examples of the integration of micro- and nanotechnologies into solutions of diagnostic challenges. We describe several novel nanotechnologies that enable imaging cellular structures and molecular events. In therapeutics, we describe the utilization of micro- and nanotechnologies in applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and pharmaceutical development/testing. In addition, we discuss relevant challenges that micro- and nanotechnologies face in achieving cost-effective and widespread clinical implementation as well as forecasted applications of micro- and nanotechnologies in medicine.
“…In recent years, hydrogel-based materials have received increasing attention in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility, viscoelastic properties, and ease of fabrication. They have been applied as scaffolds that provide structural integrity to tissue constructs, 9,10 support tissue in growth 11,12 and that can deliver drugs and proteins to targeted cells in a well-controlled manner. 13−15 3D natural/synthetic hydrogel scaffolds with defined macroscopic and microscopic features for various tissue engineering applications.…”
Scaffolds with multiple functionalities have attracted widespread attention in the field of tissue engineering due to their ability to control cell behavior through various cues, including mechanical, chemical, and electrical. Fabrication of such scaffolds from clinically approved materials is currently a huge challenge. The goal of this work was to fabricate a tissue engineering scaffold from clinically approved materials with the capability of delivering biomolecules and direct cell fate. We have used a simple 3D printing approach, that combines polymer casting with supercritical fluid technology to produce 3D interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) scaffold of silicone-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (pHEMA-co-PEGMEA). The pHEMA-co-PEGMEA IPN materials were employed to support growth of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC), resulting in high cell viability and metabolic activity over a 3 weeks period. In addition, the IPN scaffolds support 3D tissue formation inside the porous scaffold with well spread cell morphology on the surface of the scaffold. As a proof of concept, sustained doxycycline (DOX) release from pHEMA-co-PEGMEA IPN was demonstrated and the biological activity of released drug from IPN was confirmed using a DOX regulated green fluorescent reporter (GFP) gene expression assay with HeLa cells. Given its unique mechanical and drug releasing characteristics, IPN scaffolds may be used for directing stem cell differentiation by releasing various chemicals from its hydrogel network.
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