Nanomaterial Technology and Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are relatively rare heterogeneous solid tumors of the mesenchymal origin. They account for approximately 1% of all malignant tumors in adults and have more than 70 histological subtypes. Consequently, the rarity and heterogeneity of STSs make their diagnosis and treatment very challenging. Nanotechnology has attracted increasing attention from researchers due to the unique physicochemical and biological properties of nanomaterials with potential medical applications as nanoprobes, drug delivery systems, photosensitizers, radioenhancers, antitumor agents, and their combinations for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review discusses the progress made in the use of nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of STSs and highlights future prospects of the STS multimodality therapy.

Evaluation of cardiotoxicity of anthracycline‐containing chemotherapy regimens in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas: A study of the FDA adverse event reporting system joint single‐center real‐world experience

“…Docetaxel‐loaded mPEG‐PLA nanoparticles also demonstrated higher intratumoral drug concentration, tumor inhibition rate, and safety than conventional docetaxel injection 41 . In addition, nanotechnology serves as a versatile mounting platform to achieve inhibition of BSTSs while assessing tumor morphology changes in real‐time by mounting cytotoxic drugs, photodynamic therapeutic materials, small interfering RNA, or in vivo imaging materials 39,42–44 . These results suggest that the DDS may represent a powerful strategy for improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxicity of chemotherapeutics in treatments of BSTSs.…”

“…Doxil and Lipo‐Dox®, as members of nanomedicines, can achieve enhanced permeability and retention effects based on nano‐sized drug delivery systems (DDSs) 38 . DDSs can improve drug delivery and release within the tumor through passive or active targeting strategies, thereby achieving antitumor efficacy while attenuating chemotherapy side effects 39 . As a result, more and more nanomedicines are being explored to treat BSTSs, and some good progress has been made at the preclinical and clinical levels 37,39,40 .…”

“…38 DDSs can improve drug delivery and release within the tumor through passive or active targeting strategies, thereby achieving antitumor efficacy while attenuating chemotherapy side effects. 39 As a result, more and more nanomedicines are being explored to treat BSTSs, and some good progress has been made at the preclinical and clinical levels. 37 , 39 , 40 Two other nanomedicines, DaunoXome® and Liposomal mifamurtide (MEPACT), have also been approved for use in Kaposi's sarcoma and osteosarcoma, respectively.…”

“… 39 As a result, more and more nanomedicines are being explored to treat BSTSs, and some good progress has been made at the preclinical and clinical levels. 37 , 39 , 40 Two other nanomedicines, DaunoXome® and Liposomal mifamurtide (MEPACT), have also been approved for use in Kaposi's sarcoma and osteosarcoma, respectively. 37 Docetaxel‐loaded mPEG‐PLA nanoparticles also demonstrated higher intratumoral drug concentration, tumor inhibition rate, and safety than conventional docetaxel injection.…”

Recent Advances in Reprogramming Strategy of Tumor Microenvironment for Rejuvenating Photosensitizers‐Mediated Photodynamic Therapy

“…[45] With the increasing understanding of the critical characteristics of TME in cancer progression, the position of TME in cancer progression and treatment has drawn growing attention, and the remodeling of TME has become the focus of research. [46][47][48] The concept of TME can be traced back to the "seed and soil" theory proposed by Stephen Paget more than a century ago. [3,49,50] TME is a favorably heterogeneous and complex ecosystem, considered the soil for tumor seed growth.…”