Nanomaterial Induced Immune Responses and Cytotoxicity

Ali, Ashraf A.; Suhail, Mohd; Mathew, Shilu; Shah, Muhammad Ali; Harakeh, Steve; Ahmad, Sultan; Kazmi, Zulqarnain; Alhamdan, Mohammed Abdul Rahman; Chaudhary, Adeel G.; Damanhouri, Ghazi A.; Qadri, Ishtiaq

doi:10.1166/jnn.2016.10885

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Given these results, fCNTs entering the cell [16,58,67,68] adhere to growing evidence for the fCNTs to be used as drug carrier vehicles [58,[67][68][69][70][71][72] in cancer therapy [55,67,70,72], as well as for studies of cytotoxic effects [55,[58][59][60][73][74][75][76]. The green fluorescence of the confocal images inside the cells confirms the fCNx uptake, a phenomenon that can be used for optical stimulation of CNTs inside living cells to afford multifunctional biological transporters of CNTs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effect of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and their Citric Acid Polymerization on Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Garnica-Gutiérrez

Lara-Martínez

Palacios

et al. 2018

Journal of Nanomaterials

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The effects of acid-functionalized and polycitric acid- (PCA-) polymerized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in contact with the extracellular membrane of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), a genetically unmodified cell line with differentiation capability, was evaluated with different cellular parameters. The modified CNTs show differences in the analyzed biological behaviors, that is, intracellular incorporation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity as compared with those unpolymerized nanotubes. Due to the reduced cellular uptake of polymerized CNTs, PCA-polymerized CNTs are less cytotoxic and are associated with less apoptotic cell death than the acid-functionalized ones. The effects of nitrogen-doped CNTs (CNx) is also reported, showing that functionalized undoped CNTs present strong stimulation of cell proliferation, whereas functionalized and polymerized CNxs stimulate an apoptotic behavior. The study of MSCs in contact with CNTs and PCA is challenging due to the complexity of its various signaling components. Our results provide basis for further studies aimed to understand the relevant role that the interaction of these nanotubes with extracellular membrane could have a crucial structure for tissue grafting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effect of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and their Citric Acid Polymerization on Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Garnica-Gutiérrez

Lara-Martínez

Palacios

et al. 2018

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…49 Although it is size that permits ENPs desirable functionality, it is also known to facilitate their uptake, tissue penetration and systemic distribution in the body. [50][51][52] It has been reported that smaller NPs (25 nm) travel through the lymphatic more readily than the larger particles (100 nm) and accumulate in lymph node resident dendritic cells. 53 In this present study, the smallest T10 was found to induce larger toxicities to HUVECs than the other tested-nano-TiO 2 did (Figures 2-6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The size‐dependent apoptotic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on endothelial cells by the intracellular pathway

Zeng

Feng

Wu-xiang

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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Concerns over the health risk of the widely distributed, commonly used titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO ) are increasing worldwide. Yet, up-to-now, our understanding in their potential effects on the cardiovascular system is very limited and the toxicological mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, the CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of four sizes (10, 30, 50, and 100 nm) of anatase nano-TiO on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in culture, and the flow cytometry was employed to investigate the potential of these nano-TiO to induce the apoptosis of HUVECs. The apoptotic pathway was also probed through the determination of the protein expression and activation of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, caspases-9, -7, -3, and PARP by western blot. The results showed that at the administrative levels (1, 5, 25 μg/mL), all the four sizes of nano-TiO could significantly inhibit the viability of HUVECs and elicit significant apoptosis in them, compared with the negative control (P < .05, P < .01). Moreover, the apoptotic rates of HUVECs were increased respectively with the elevating levels and decreasing sizes of the administrative nano-TiO , showing a clear dose- and size-dependent effect relationships. Interestingly, the increasing phosphorylation of p53, decreasing ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and enhancing activation of the downstream proteins caspase-9, -7, -3, and PARP, were also observed with the decreasing sizes of the administrative nano-TiO in the western blot, indicating that the intracellular approach of apoptosis, the p53-caspase pathway, is the major way of the nano-TiO -mediated apoptosis in HUVECs in culture and that the size is an important parameter that may determine the potential of nano-TiO to induce cellular response. In conclusion, these results suggested that high levels of nano-TiO exposure may pose potential risks to human cardiovascular health by inducing cardiovascular EC apoptosis.

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“…The intrinsic functional mechanism of NPs had garnered increasingly more attention. It was reported that some NPs could induce cell mitochondria-mediated autophagy [11][12][13][14] and that they could also enhance the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs [15][16][17][18]. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)targeted hybrid plasmonic magnetic NPs synergistically induced autophagy and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer [5,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan nanoparticles triggered the induction of ROS-mediated cytoprotective autophagy in cancer cells

Wang

et al. 2018

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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There is a close relationship between autophagy and apoptosis during cancer cell death. We used chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) to explore the effects of internalized NPs on the induction of autophagy and to confirm the role of autophagic responses elicited by nanomaterials on the tumour cell's fate. CS NPs at nontoxic concentrations ranging from 10-100 μg/mL triggered the induction of autophagy. With the addition of CS NPs, the aggregation of endogenous LC3 was significantly enhanced and acidic autophagic bodies had been accumulated. CS NPs significantly triggered the occurrence of autophagy by increasing the ratio of LC3 II to LC3 I and CS NPs-mediated autophagy was implicated in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated CS-induced autophagy. The addition of blank NPs produced a negative effect on cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis of free Dox, and with the pre-treatment of chloroquine (CQ) as a known autophagy inhibitor, the inhibition rates of cells treated with the combination of Dox and blank CS NPs had been significantly increased. The findings demonstrated that CS NPs have the ability to induce protective autophagy via ROS generation and they were believed to inhibit tumour cell death.

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Nanomaterial Induced Immune Responses and Cytotoxicity

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and their Citric Acid Polymerization on Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Effect of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and their Citric Acid Polymerization on Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

The size‐dependent apoptotic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on endothelial cells by the intracellular pathway

Chitosan nanoparticles triggered the induction of ROS-mediated cytoprotective autophagy in cancer cells

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